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TITAN SDR

TITAN SDR. E NABLIA. Why is HF popular? Refraction of ionosphere allows medium and long-range radio communication (by skywave propagation) Relatively low-cost equipment Who uses HF?

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TITAN SDR

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  1. TITAN SDR ENABLIA

  2. Why is HF popular? • Refraction of ionosphere allows medium and long-range radio communication (by skywave propagation) • Relatively low-cost equipment • Who uses HF? • International shortwave broadcasting , amateur radio, CB radios, safety (humanitarian aims), security (law enforcement), aviation (compulsory for all trans-oceanic flights), marine, military forces and for diplomatic interests (even as a back up of satellite links), but also terrorist organizations • Who surveys HF? • Radio amateurs (DXers) • Environmental protection agencies (electromagnetic pollution) • National radio frequency agencies (detecting interfering or illegal electromagnetic emissions) • Security (national) agencies and foreign intelligence agencies The HF Band ENABLIA

  3. Conventional RADIO surveillance Spectrum analyzer or scanner Audio matrix Audio Recorder NB Receiver HW Decoder NB Receiver HW Decoder NB Receiver SW Decoder (PC) ENABLIA

  4. EVOLUTION TO SDR RealtimeOperation BUFFER FFT PanoramicSpectrum ADC USB FFT WB Spectrum HW DDC (WB) Acquisition receiver SW DDC (NB) SW Decoder VAC SW DDC (NB) SW Decoder HW DDC (Digital Down Converter) as a dedicated chipset or FPGA core Personal Computer Recording on mass storage device Interface by Virtual Audio Cable ENABLIA

  5. EVOLUTION TO SDR Offline Operation FFT WB Spectrum SW DDC (NB) SW Decoder VAC SW DDC (NB) SW Decoder Personal Computer Archive replay ENABLIA

  6. Maximum number of NB channels significantly limited by CPU • SW implementation of DDCs is computationally expensive (especially for WB channels with large bandwidths) • Decoding /NB recording practically limited to about three channels in parallel • Spectral zoom strongly impacts CPU • Smallest resolution bandwidths require large size FFTs, rising CPU load considerably (FFT bins outside the displayed frequency span are discarded) • Performance not independent on frequency span • Just one WB channel • Need for partitioning of acquisition bandwidth (into more WB channels), to survey more spectral portions in parallel LIMITATIONS OF classic SDR receivers ENABLIA

  7. NOVEL approach of TITAN SDR Adjacent subchannels are transferred over the USB interface BUFFER FFT PanoramicSpectrum ADC USB 4X FiltersBank FFT SpectrumAssembler TITAN RECEIVER 40X NB Reconstructor VAC SW Decoder SW Decoder Filters Banks instead of Digital Down Converters Personal Computer Then it performs retuning, filtering and resampling of aggregate Each NB Reconstructor aggregates adjacent subchannels

  8. Filters Banks on FPGA instead of WB DDCs • WB channels are provided to PC as a collection of subchannels • Filters Banks perform pass-band filtering AND decimation, which both downconverts and preserves throughput over the USB interface • Spectrum assembler • WB Spectrum is obtained by composing individual subchannels spectra (exploiting the power complementarity feature of filters responses) • While zooming, just needed subchannels spectra are evaluated, thus saving CPU • NB Reconstructors instead of NB DDCs • NB channels are obtained by aggregating subchannels, retuning (digital rotation), filtering and resampling • Processing is at low sampling rates, resulting in a reduced impact on CPU (with respect to SW DDCs ) and allowing for many parallel NB channels THE NEW SIGNAL PROCESSING FEATURES ENABLIA

  9. TITAN SDR RECEIVER 16 Preselectors USB controller FPGA (Xilinx Spartan 3ADSP) Anti-aliasing lowpass AD Converter (16 bit, 80 Msps) Unbal/Balanced, amplification and noise rejection filtering ENABLIA

  10. TITAN SDR - Software FEATURES Wideband Channels WB3 Narrowband Channels of WB3 NB1 of WB3

  11. TITAN SDR - Software FEATURES: NB CHANNELS LIST List of NB Channels Tuning frequency Demodulation modes Audio card output Channel Bandwidth WAV file recording status Output by LAN to software decoders Output to VACs (Virtual Audio Cables) or additonal audio cards

  12. TITAN SDR - Software FEATURES Each spectrum scope can be closed (x button), for better view of the others. Typically the Panoramic Scope is closed after tuning of WB channels:

  13. TITAN SDR - Technical specs ENABLIA

  14. TITAN SDR - Technical specs ENABLIA

  15. TITAN SDR - Technical specs ENABLIA

  16. Automatic detection of emissions • Wideband spectra, though useful in locating time continuous emissions, are of little or no help in detecting pulsed emissions, which occur at unknown frequencies • Some aid would be highly appreciated in locating emissions when they occur, especially in offline operation, when lengthy acquisitions have to be scanned for activities • Each subchannel could be monitored on FPGA by a corresponding detector and activities could be notified to the user and possibly recorded for later consultation • Data compression • As a consequence of detection, recording of WB channels could regard only subchannels within which some activity is being revealed, thus dramatically reducing storage requirements (even in terms of HD write speed) Potentialitiesofthisapproach ENABLIA www.enablia.com

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