Conflicts in the Colonies 1675-1774 Trouble on the Frontier Section objectives: Describe relations between English colon

1. Conflicts in the Colonies 1675-1774 Trouble on the Frontier • Section objectives: • Describe relations between English colonists and American Indians • Analyze the reasons why French and English colonists were often at war • Explain how the French and Indian War affected the British colonies

2. Relations with the American Indians • As time went on, relations between the Indians and colonists grew tense/untrusting • Colonists called the Wampanoag Indian Chief “King Philip” because he compared himself to King Charles I • Indians wanted to protect their land from the colonists King Philip’s War (1675-1676) • Fighting between Wampanoag Indians & Allies vs. Colonists • Colonial militia fought the Indians • Final tally: 600 colonists dead/3000 Indians dead VIDEO1

3. King Phillips’s War

4. Trade Alliances • Not all Indians fought the colonists • Trade alliances made some tribes and colonists dependant upon each other. As a result: • French allied themselves with the Algonquian and Huron Indians • English allied themselves with the Iroquois Conflicts with France • King William’s War(War of the League of Augsburg) 1689-1697 • Fought in the frontier; didn’t change borders VIDEO2 • Queen Anne’s War (War of Spanish Succession) 1702-1713 England against France & Spain • English capture Port Royal in Canada/burned St. Augustine • England received Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay VIDEO 3

5. Kings George’s War (War of Austrian Succession) 1740-1748 • Little impact on America -Video 4 Forts in the Ohio Valley • France wanted to protect the fur trade • England wanted in on the action • France • Built forts near rivers (Ohio Valley Region) • Robert Dinwiddie (Virginia’s Lt. Governor) sent George Washington to tell French to leave; they replied “No” • Led to increased tensions

6. French and Indian War (Seven Years War) 1754-1763 (England & Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria) • Advantages • France • Strong central government, strategically placed forts, well trained troops, extensive alliances with Indians • England • Large colonial population, better navy, stronger economy, allied with Iroquois • Many colonists realized that each colony being independent is a weakness in time of war – sent delegates to Albany, New York to work out a plan • Ben Franklin proposed the Albany Plan of Union • Unite under one President General and a grand council • This was rejected

7. Political Cartoon!!!!!Albany Plan of the Union

9. While delegates were meeting in Albany, George Washington was fighting in the Ohio River Valley • Fort Necessity • Built by Washington and his men after being kicked out of Fort Duquesne site • Many of Washington’s troops killed in battle with French • Washington surrendered July 4, 1754 • Due to alleged ineffectiveness of colonial soldiers, King George send General Ed Braddock to command British forces in North America • British don’t trust colonial soldiers; fight in their traditional way - massacred

11. Fight for Canada • Many more British defeats but eventually French lose some Indian allies • Fort Duquesne eventually taken by the British and renamed Fort Pitt (today Pittsburgh ) • Turning point came when British General James Wolfe captured Quebec Treaty of Paris • Changes the balance of power in North America • British gain all land east of Mississippi River (except New Orleans); get Florida from Spanish • Spain only European competitor in North America • VIDEO 5, VIDEO 6

14. The Albany State of the UnionSong • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kz365CD0iWQ