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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Introduction. Objectives. Upon completion you will be able to:. Understand how the Internet came into being Understand the meaning of the terms protocol and standard Understand the various organizations involved in the standards

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Introduction Objectives Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand how the Internet came into being • Understand the meaning of the terms protocol and standard • Understand the various organizations involved in the standards • Understand the different levels of Internet service providers • Understand the groups involved in Internet administration TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  2. Figure 1.1Internet today (before ARPANET, MILNET, NSFNET) TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  3. Chapter 2 The OSI Model andthe TCP/IP Protocol Suite Objectives Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand the architecture of the OSI model • Understand the layers of the OSI model and their functions • Understand the architecture of the TCP/IP Protocol Suite • Differentiate between the OSI model and the TCP/IP Suite • Differentiate between the three types of Internet addresses TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  4. Figure 2.2OSI layers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  5. Figure 2.3An exchange using the OSI model TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  6. Figure 2.14Summary of layers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  7. Figure 2.15TCP/IP and OSI model TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  8. Figure 2.16Three types of addresses in TCP/IP TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  9. Figure 2.17Relationship of layers and addresses in TCP/IP TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  10. Figure 2.18Physical addresses TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  11. Figure 2.19NIC addresses and IP addresses TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  12. Example 4 As we will see in Chapter 4, an Internet address (in IPv4) is 32 bits in length, normally written as four decimal numbers, with each number representing 1 byte. The numbers are separated by a dot. Below is an example of such an address. 132.24.75.9An internet address in IPv4 in decimal numbers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  13. Example 5 Figure 2.20 shows an example of transport layer communication. Data coming from the upperlayers have port addresses j and k ( j is the address of the sending process, and k is the address of the receiving process). Since the data size is larger than the network layer can handle, the data are split into two packets, each packet retaining the service-point addresses ( j and k). Then in the network layer, network addresses (A and P) are added to each packet. See Next Slide TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  14. Example 5 (Continued) The packets can travel on different paths and arrive at the destination either in order or out of order. The two packets are delivered to the destination transport layer, which is responsible for removing the network layer headers and combining the two pieces of data for delivery to the upper layers. See Next Slide TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  15. Figure 2.20Port addresses TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  16. Example 6 As we will see in Chapters 11, 12, and 13, a port address is a 16-bit address represented by one decimal number as shown below. 753A 16-bit port address represented as one single number. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  17. 2.5 IP Versions IP became the official protocol for the Internet in 1983. As the Internet has evolved, so has IP. There have been six versions since its inception. We look at two versions in detail this quarter: Version 4 (Version 5) Only a testing version Version 6 (later in quarter) TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  18. Chapter 3 Underlying Technology Objectives Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand the different versions of wired Ethernet • Understand wireless Ethernet • Understand the types of point-to-point WANs • Understand the types of switched WANs, especially ATM • Differentiate between repeaters, bridges, routers, and hubs TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  19. Figure 3.2CSMA/CD TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  20. Figure 3.4Ethernet frame TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  21. Figure 3.14CSMA/CA TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  22. Figure 3.15Frame TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  23. Figure 3.1656K modem TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  24. Table 3.2 T line rates TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  25. Table 3.3 SONET rates TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  26. Figure 3.22Frame Relay network TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  27. Figure 3.23ATM multiplexing TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  28. Figure 3.24Architecture of an ATM network TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  29. Figure 3.25Virtual circuits TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  30. Figure 3.27ATM layers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  31. Figure 3.28Connecting devices TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  32. Figure 3.29Repeater TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  33. Figure 3.30Function of a repeater TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  34. Figure 3.31Bridge TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  35. Figure 3.32Learning bridge TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  36. Figure 3.33Routing example TCP/IP Protocol Suite

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