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Sea Water Density

Sea Water Density. “Mass per unit volume”. TEMPERATURE. Water molecules are at the maximum distance from adjacent molecules due to hydrogen bonding== Minimum density. Water makes Hydrogen Bonds. Ice (solid phase) is a crystal with maximal number of hydrogen bonds per molecule (4).

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Sea Water Density

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  1. Sea Water Density “Mass per unit volume”

  2. TEMPERATURE Water molecules are at the maximum distance from adjacent molecules due to hydrogen bonding== Minimum density.

  3. Water makes Hydrogen Bonds Ice (solid phase) is a crystal with maximal number of hydrogen bonds per molecule (4) crystalline lattice configuration

  4. Deep circulation in the Atlantic

  5. 1. The effect of salinity on density: Use hydrometer and thermometer to measure the density and temperature for three solution of different salinities: 10, 20, 35 ‰ Hydrometer must be floating Determine what the theoretical density should be at a given temperature and salinity.

  6. 2: The effects of Temperature on Density • Use 35%o water. Warm this water to 30°C. Then chill it, measuring the density along the way with 2 minute intervals. • Remove the hydrometer between measurements. 30 ºC 5 ºC

  7. 3. The Effect of Ice Formation on Density • Let ~1/3 of your sample to turn into ice. • 2. Transfer the remaining liquid that does not freeze “brine” into graduate. (you need ~85 mL to float the hydrometer) • 3. Measure the temperature with the thermometer and measure the density with a hydrometer at 5oC. • DO NOT STIR WITH THE THERMOMETER • DO NOT LEAVE THE THERMOMETER IN THE FLASK WHILE FREEZING

  8. 4: Temperature vs Salinity Although not in the text, we will be setting up the internal wave tanks again: • Place the divider in the center and put 2.5 liters of cold (blue) fresh water in one half and 2.5 liters room temperature (red) fresh water in the other half. • Predict the outcome and then pull the divider. • After the tank settles, reinsert the divider ~1/3 of the tank and stir the layers together. • Pull the divider again and answer the questions.

  9. 1500 ml tap water 15 drops of yellow 1500 ml cold water 15 drops of blue

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