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World Religions

World Religions. Unit 1, Lesson 4. Hinduism. Based on Aryan religious beliefs Vedas Collection of hymns and ceremonies Oldest Hindu sacred text Ultimate Reality God named Brahman

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World Religions

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  1. World Religions Unit 1, Lesson 4

  2. Hinduism • Based on Aryan religious beliefs • Vedas • Collection of hymns and ceremonies • Oldest Hindu sacred text • Ultimate Reality God named Brahman • The individual self, or atman, had duty to come to know his ultimate reality; then could merge with Brahman after death.

  3. Hinduism • Reincarnation • 500s B.C. • After death the soul is reborn in different form • After many existences the soul may unite with Brahman • Karma • People’s action determine their form of rebirth • Dharma • The divine law, rules Karma • All people do their duty

  4. Hinduism • Yoga “union” was developed as a practice to achieve oneness with God • More than 33,000 deities (Gods) • Three chief Gods • Brahma the Creator • Vishnu the Preserver • Shiva the Destroyer

  5. Buddhism • Northern India • Siddhartha Gautama “Buddha” • Began as an ascetic (practice of abusing ones body), this did not bring enlightenment • Turned to meditation, reaching enlightenment, taught what he learned

  6. Buddhism • Achieving wisdom is a key step in achieving nirvana, or ultimate reality, in reunion with the Great World Soul • Four Noble Truths • Take the Middle, or Eightfold Path • Accepts reincarnation, but rejects caste system • Appeals to lower castes

  7. Confucianism • Confucius-first teacher • Born in 551 B.C. • Teachings found in the Analects • Political and ethical, not spiritual • Dao-the way • Five Constant Relationships-most important duty to parents

  8. Confucianism • Rulers must set a good example if society is going to prosper • Humanity-”all men are brothers” • Government service should not be for the rich and noble, but for those of superior talent and virtuous behavior

  9. Daoism/Taoism • Laozi • Dao De Jing (The Way of the Dao) • Proper form of behavior on Earth • People should act spontaneously and let nature take its course

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