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Early Indian Empires

Early Indian Empires. LEARNING GOALS and QUESTIONS. Before European influence, India had established itself as a major empire with incredible religious, political, and economic achievements. In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, how was Muslim rule first established in India?.

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Early Indian Empires

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  1. Early Indian Empires

  2. LEARNING GOALS and QUESTIONS • Before European influence, India had established itself as a major empire with incredible religious, political, and economic achievements. • In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, how was Muslim rule first established in India?

  3. Mauryan Empire (322-185 BC)

  4. The Mauryan Empire • 326 B.C. • Alexander the Great invades India, but leaves soon after due to exhaustion of supplies

  5. The Mauryan Empire • Alexander’s attack motivated CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA to centralize the kingdoms of India and eliminate the remaining Greek armies. - Used elephants as a means of cavalry

  6. Ashoka ASHOKA • Chandragupta Maurya’s grandson, __________________, discontinued his grandfather’s trend of expanding the empire • Horrified by the brutality of warfare • Abandoned fighting and became Buddhist

  7. Ashoka’s Accomplishments • Improved the lives of people; inscribed codes of right conduct on pillars across the empire • Centralized power and built up trade • Sent Buddhist missionaries all over Asia to spread the religion • To this day, ASHOKA is wildly popular in India. Why do you think this is so?

  8. Spread of Buddhism under Ashoka

  9. The Rise of the Gupta Empire • The Mauryan Empire declined as Ashoka’s sons fought for power

  10. Gupta Empire • Founded by Chandra Gupta I (no relation to Chandragupta Maurya) • Why do you suppose the India’s territory shrunk since the Mauryan dynasty? HEY! WHAT HAPPENED TO ALL OUR LAND?!

  11. Gupta Rule Egyptian Sun Disc (Halo) ↑ • Fair and prosperous Religious Tolerance: Rise in Hinduism ↑TRADE (Outside Influence) Roman-Style Coinage ↑

  12. Gupta Advances • Code of Manu (established laws for the various castes) • HINDU-ARABIC NUMERALS • Sanskrit Language • Indian astronomers found the Earth was round and revolves around the sun (almost 1,000 years before Europeans discovered the same!)

  13. WORLD HISTORY • Upon entering the room, grab a textbook and a worksheet from the table and begin completing the side entitled “MUGHAL EMPIRE” • This is an individual assignment…cooperation will be generously rewarded

  14. MUGHAL EMPIRE • After the fall of the Gupta Empire, India broke into a number of small kingdoms. • Muslim traders settled in Indian towns and lived peaceably with the Hindus and Buddhists. WHO WOULDN'T MOVE HERE?!

  15. Arrival of Islam • Early 700s: Muslim raiders invade and conquer the area that is now Pakistan and around 1000 AD, pour into Northern India. • By the 1200s, most of Northern India was under Muslim control.

  16. New Government Delhi Sultanate • Muslims established a new government for Northern India called the ____________________ • Very tolerant of religion and culture • A blending of Muslim and Indian culture Did somebody say, “DELI”?! ↓

  17. Web Quest Activity • Go to www.skivoland.com • Click on HONORS WORLD CULTURES (do not use the sidebar!!!) • Click on LINKS • Scroll down to the INDIA section and click on TAJ MAHAL links

  18. Delhi Sultanate • Remained strong for almost 300 years!!! • 1526 - __________ nicknamed THE TIGER conquered the rulers of Delhi ● Began the MUGHAL EMPIRE ● Descendant of GENGHIS KHAN! BABUR

  19. MUGHAL EMPIRE

  20. MUGHAL EMPIRE • After BABUR’S death, his grandson took the throne at age 13 • _____________ (1542-1605) • Regarded as one of the greatest rulers in India’s history AKBAR

  21. AKBAR’S ACHIEVEMENTS • INCREDIBLE religious tolerance! • Increased territory • Fair and Just = Increased the Empire’s wealth

  22. POST-AKBAR INDIA JAHANGIR • After Akbar, _____________ came to rule • Also practiced religious tolerance but came into conflict with people practicing… • ___________: a blend of Islam and Hinduism SIKHISM

  23. SIKHISM • Monotheistic, but belief in reincarnation • Life’s Goal = Break free of the cycle of life and attain unity with God • Turbans symbolize social equality • Don’t cut their hair or beards to honor the human form as created by God

  24. JAHANGIR’S SON SHAH JAHAN • ____________ took the throne after his father passed away • Mughal Empire’s Golden Age • Period of incredible advances in art and architecture • Came at the expense of high taxes • Did NOT practice religious tolerance (he was MUSLIM)

  25. The TAJ MAHAL • Indian, Persian, and Muslim architectural styles • Tomb for Shah Jahan’s beloved wife

  26. SHAH JAHAN • New Capital City = DELHI PEACOCK THRONE

  27. The Beginning of the End • As Shah Jahan became old, his sons fought for the throne • _______________ seized power • Military conquests to expand the empire • INTENSELY Muslim Persecuted Hindus and Sikhs AURANGZEB

  28. DECLINE OF THE MUGHALS • Frequent rebellions broke out • Invaders entered from the North • British trading colonies began building up and soon India fell under control of the ever expanding BRITISH EMPIRE

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