Human Body Systems

1. Human Body Systems An IRSC Live Virtual Lesson By: Diana Lenartiene, Ed. S.

2. We will now view a video on Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems

3. Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems by Elizabeth Harris. lizzywantssomepie.wikispaces.com/file/view/Powerpoint... lizzywantssomepie.wikispaces.com/file/view/Powerpoint...

4. What is a Cell? Cells are the smallest unit of living matter. All living things are made up of cells including bacteria, insects, small mammal’s and humans. There are a lot of different cells. Cells contain atoms which is matter, the basic building blocks of objects. (1, 3)

5. How Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems Work. Certain cells perform certain functions. When two cells perform similar functions they are both organized into tissues. For example: A tissue like a skin tissue contain a collection of cells that are highly specialized and are designed to do their job by creating new cells and absorbing the nutrients to keep the skin healthy. If the cells in our skin didn’t fight off infection we would die due to the infection passing through our skin into our body. (1, 3, 5)

6. How do cells and organ systems work together to create an organism? • An organism is a living thing that can react to certain things like light, glucose, carbon dioxide, etc. reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis. An organism can be a bacteria, protist, fungi, virus, animal, or plant. • An organ system is a group of organs that work together and complete a particular task such as the respiratory systems job is to carry oxygen to your lungs and other parts of your body then dispose of carbon dioxide. • A cell is the structural, functional, and biological unit of organisms. (1, 5, 6. 7, 8) “When two or more similar cells join together we get a tissue. Two or more similar tissue fuse to form a organ. Different organs function together to make a organ system.“ (8)

7. This is a tree map explaining the flow of how cells and organ systems contribute to making an organism.

8. Plant and animal cells Plant and animal cells both have some things in common such as a nucleus. Plant cells contain unique organelles that use light and turn it into energy. This is called photosynthesis. Each tiny cell organelle has a special job to do within the cell. (1, 4)

9. Essential cell organelles Cell organelles carry out important functions in plants and animal cells. The nucleus builds new proteins including enzymes and also controls activity in the cell so nothing goes hay wire. The nucleus also contains DNA, the material of inheritance and is able to produce new daughter cells during cell division aka mitosis. Mitochondria breathes glucose and oxygen releasing energy. (1, 5) Cell organelles in plants and animals:

10. Specific cells in Humans and Animals Cells are designed for specific functions in the human body and an animal body, which are very much alike. Billions and billions of cells work together in our body to support their assigned life. A red blood cell for example does not contain a nucleus so there is more room to transport more oxygen to the rest of the body. A muscle cell may contain more mitochondria than normal cells because it must produce more energy. (1, 2, 4) Specific cells in animals:

11. Specific cells in Plants. Like in animal cells, plant cells are also specifically designed to function along with their rolls and produce life. Millions of cells work together to produce food for these green plants by taking light and turning it into energy. A pollen cell, for example is like a male sperm cell compared to an animal sperm cell. The pollen cell is transferred to the female carpel by insects therefore creating new genetic information to create a new plant. (1, 8, 10)

12. Mitosis Parent cell Stage one 2n DNA replicates Stage two 4n Chromosomes 2n Stage three separate 2 Daughter cells Stage four 2n The size of cells in plants and animals Cells in plants and animals come in all different sizes. We need a microscope to exam the size of cells. Plant cells are much smaller than animal cells. Both plant and animal cells split or divide before becoming to large. If cells didn’t split the surface area would become too large and release oxygen and nutrients that could have been absorbed. (1, 10,11)

13. References 1. Unit 38 Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems http://www.slideshare.net/scienceinteractive/unit-38-cells-tissues-organs-and-organ-systems 2. Medicene.Net http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5260 3. Biology.about.com http://biology.about.com/od/organsystems/a/aa031706a.htm 4. Cells Alive! http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dcell.htm 5. Cells and Organelles http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm 6. Answers.com http://www.answers.com/topic/organism 7. Biology-online.org http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Cell 8. Biology-online.org http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Cell 9. Wiki.answers.com http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Relate_cells_to_tissues_to_organs_to_organ_systems_how_do_they_work_together

14. Referenceses 10. Microscopy.fsu.edu http://www.microscopy.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html 11. Wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_%28biology%29 lizzywantssomepie.wikispaces.com/file/view/Powerpoint lizzywantssomepie.wikispaces.com/file/view/Powerpoint...

15. We will now view a video on Human Body Systems

16. The Human Body Systems The human body is like a complex organization that has an important job to get done. In order to get everything done perfectly and on time, it has to use a system. Actually, the human body uses many systems that work side by side. by Bobby

17. The Body Systems • The Digestive System • The Skeletal System • The Circulatory System • The Muscular System • The Nervous System • The Respiratory System

18. The Human BodyInteractive PowerPoint Laura Goerner

19. Respiratory System Circulatory System Digestive System Muscular System Skeletal System

20. Digestive System

21. Respiratory System

22. Circulatory System

23. Muscular System

24. Skeletal System

25. Digestive SystemGross and Cool Facts! • HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES? At least 25 feet in an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long! • Chewing food takes from 5-30 seconds • Swallowing takes about 10 seconds • Food sloshing in the stomach can last 3-4 hours • It takes 3 hours for food to move through the intestine • Food drying up and hanging out in the large intestine can last 18 hours to 2 days! • Americans eat about 700 million pounds of peanut butter. • Americans eat over 2 billion pounds of chocolate a year. • In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle about 50 tons!!

26. Respiratory SystemGross and Cool Facts! • Your lungs contain almost 1500 miles of airways and over 300 million alveoli. • Every minute you breathe in 13 pints of air. • Plants are our partners in breathing. We breathe in air, use the oxygen in it, and release carbon dioxide. Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Thank goodness! • People tend to get more colds in the winter because we're indoors more often and in close proximity to other people. When people sneeze, cough and even breathe -- germs go flying!

27. Circulatory SystemGross and Cool Facts! • The body of an adult contains over 60,000 miles of blood vessels! • An adult's heart pumps nearly 4000 gallons of blood each day! • Your heart beats some 30 million times a year! • The average three-year-old has two pints of blood in their body; the average adult at least five times more! • A "heartbeat" is really the sound of the valves in the heart closing as they push blood through its chambers.

28. Muscular SystemGross and Cool Facts! • You have over 30 facial muscles which create looks like surprise, happiness, sadness, and frowning. • Eye muscles are the busiest muscles in the body. Scientists estimate they may move more than 100,000 times a day! • The largest muscle in the body is the gluteus maximus muscle in the buttocks.

29. Skeletal SystemGross and Cool Facts! • The human hand has 27 bones; your face has 14! • The longest bone in your body? Your thigh bone, the femur -- it's about 1/4 of your height. The smallest is the stirrup bone in the ear which can measure 1/10 of an inch. • Did you know that humans and giraffes have the same number of bones in their necks? Giraffe neck vertebrae are just much, much longer! • You have over 230 moveable and semi-moveable joints in your body.

30. Don’t forget to make a screen shot and send it to your Instructor for credit. Here’s how:

31. Now, you need to make a copy of this screen to send to your teacher for proof of Attendance. This can be done in three easy steps:

34. If you still have questions, please contact me at: dlenarti@irsc.edu Thank you for viewing this presentation. Diana Lenartiene, IRSC ABE Instructor