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Grade 8 Science Test. 2015. Table. 1 Which sequence identifies the levels of organization of body structures in a human from simplest to most complex?. cell → organ → tissue → organ system organ system → cell → tissue → organ tissue → organ → organ system → cell
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Grade 8 Science Test 2015
Table 1 Which sequence identifies the levels of organization of body structures in a human from simplest to most complex? • cell → organ → tissue → organ system • organ system → cell → tissue → organ • tissue → organ → organ system → cell • cell → tissue → organ → organ system
Table 2 A student viewing a cell with a microscope observes a cell wall, a cell membrane, and a nucleus. The presence of these structures indicates that the student is looking at a cell from a • rabbit • carrot • worm • fly
Table 3 Dogs and cats are animals that have many similarbody structures but they do not mate with eachother. These two animals are classified in • the same kingdom and the same species • the same kingdom, but different species • different kingdoms, but the same species • different kingdoms and different species
Table 4 The diagrams below represent two systems ofthe human body. Which two systems are represented in thediagrams? • endocrine and skeletal • endocrine and respiratory • circulatory and respiratory • circulatory and digestive
Table 5 Which process is responsible for the growth andrepair of human tissue? • evolution • germination • cell division • natural selection
Table 6 The primary role of the endocrine system is to • produce hormones that regulate body functions • form chemicals that destroy microbes • break down food to release nutrients • supply red blood cells to carry oxygen
Table 7 The photograph below shows three cats with differences in their fur length and patterns. These differences are most likely due to • dietary habits • sexual reproduction • habitat destruction • damage from disease
Table 8 The hereditary material in corn plants can bealtered by scientists so the plants produce morecorn. Which term identifies this process? • environmental degradation • ecological succession • natural selection • genetic engineering
Table 9 One function of a plant’s seed is to • perform photosynthesis • provide food for early development • decompose dead organisms • reproduce sexually
Table 10 The diagram below represents four organisms. How many of the organisms represented are multicellular? • one • two • three • four
Table 11 Which type of model is shown in the diagram?Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the model below and on your knowledge of science.The model represents the transmission of a specific trait passed on from parents to their offspring. • food chain • pedigree chart • feedback system • life cycle
Table 12 How many males in this model show the trait?Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the model below and on your knowledge of science.The model represents the transmission of a specific trait passed on from parents to their offspring • one • seven • three • four
Table 13 At which stage is fertilization occurring?Base your answers to questions 13 and 14 on the diagrams below and on your knowledge of science.Diagrams A through E represent five stages in a simplified model of sexual reproduction and development. • A • B • C • D
Table 14 Between which two stages does cell division first occur?Base your answers to questions 13 and 14 on the diagrams below and on your knowledge of science.Diagrams A through E represent five stages in a simplified model of sexual reproduction and development. • A and B • B and C • C and D • D and E
Table 15 The photograph below shows a cactus plant. Which feature helps a cactus plant prevent water loss in a hot, dry desert environment? • green color • flowers • waxy surface • branches
Table 16 Nutrients enter the bloodstream during theprocess of • locomotion • respiration • elimination • absorption
Table 17 The relationship between the sea anemone andclownfish is best described as • competitive • beneficial • predatory • harmful
Table 18 The clownfish is classified as an omnivorebecause it eats • both plants and animals • neither plants nor animals • only plants • only animals
Table 19 Which type of organism converts wastes and deadmaterials into nutrients that can be used by plants? • carnivore • herbivore • decomposer • producer
Table 20 All of the different organisms interacting in apond make up • a community • a population • the water cycle • the habitat
Table 21 Which factor is most likely to cause the numberof rabbits living in an area to increase? • less water • fewer predators • lack of shelter • limited food
Table 22 One positive effect of recycling aluminum cansto manufacture new beverage containers is • conserving Earth’s resources • creating acid rain • warming Earth’s atmosphere • increasing the ozone layer
Table 23 The diagram below represents a portion of Earth’s latitude/longitude system. A and B are locations on Earth’s surface. The arrows show the direction of Earth’s rotation. If it is noon at location A, then at location B it is • morning • noon • afternoon • midnight
Table 24 The length of one day on Earth is determined byhow long it takes • the Moon to revolve once • the Moon to rotate once • Earth to rotate once • Earth to revolve once
Table 25 When Earth’s shadow falls on the Moon, theshadow causes a • high tide • low tide • lunar eclipse • Moon phase
Table 26 Earth’s hydrosphere is a layer of • rock • air • lava • water
Table 27 The map below shows the current positions of South America and Africa. Points A and B represent areas on the two continents where scientists have discovered fossils of the same animal species. How does the Theory of Plate Tectonics explainthe location of these fossils? • The continents were once joined together. • The animals were able to swim from one continent to the other. • Humans transported the animals from point A to point B. • The animals developed independently on both continents.
Table 28 All living and nonliving material is composed of • air • elements • water • soil
Table 29 Which change is the best example of a physicalchange? • a cookie baking • paper burning • ice cream melting • a nail rusting
Table 30 Elements on the Periodic Table of the Elementsare classified into categories such as • rocks and minerals • molecules and atoms • mixtures and compounds • metals and nonmetals
Table 31 Which type of energy is transferred by vibrationalwaves? • nuclear • light • chemical • sound
Table 32 Which device directly converts chemical energyinto electrical energy? • solar-powered calculator • wood-burning stove • battery-powered flashlight • wind-powered sailboat
Table 33 Heat transfer by conduction occurs whenmolecules • flow as currents through liquids • form waves that travel through space • become less dense and rise • collide with other molecules
Table 34 Which energy source is nonrenewable? • sunlight • biomass • wind • fossil fuel
Table 35 Scientists have created trains that use magnets to make the trains float above the tracks as they travel. These trains float because • the track is waxed • the like poles repel • the train has a low density • a chemical change occurs
Table 36 Which diagram represents a chemical reaction used to identify a mineral? • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4
Table 37 The diagram below represents how rock is affected when water enters cracks in rock, freezes, and becomes ice. Which geologic process is represented in the diagram? • faulting • weathering • metamorphism • volcanism
Table 38 The diagrams below represent three phases of matter, labeled A, B, and C. • (1) • (2) • (3) • (4)
Table 39 The diagram below represents a sodium atom bonding to a chlorine atom to form sodium chloride. Which statement is supported by this diagram? • Sodium chloride is an element. • Sodium chloride is a mixture. • Sodium chloride is a compound. • Sodium chloride is composed of only one atom.
Table 40 The diagram below represents a person looking at a fish in the water. The actual position of the fish is different from the apparent position of the fish because as light travelsfrom the water into the air, the light is • refracted • reflected • transmitted • absorbed
Table 41 The arrows in the diagram below represent the forces acting on a moving bicycle at two different times, time 1 and time 2. The length of each arrow represents the amount of force being applied. As a result of the change in the forces from time 1 to time 2, the bicyclist will • move slower in a forward direction • move in a backward direction • move faster in a forward direction • stop moving
Table 42 The sequence of diagrams 1, 2, and 3 below represents different levers being used to lift a 100-newton (N) weight. The distance in meters (m) from the fulcrum to the applied force is different in each diagram. How many meters from the fulcrum to the applied force would allow this weight to be lifted using only10 N of applied force? • 20 • 10 • 8 • 4
Table 43 The graph below shows the relationship between the amount of light received by a plant and its rate ofphotosynthesis. As the amount of light received by this plant increases, its rate of photosynthesis • decreases, then increases • decreases, and then remains the same • increases, then decreases • increases, and then remains the same.
Table 44 The graph below shows the relative sizes and surface temperatures of four groups of stars. The surfacetemperature of the stars is measured in Kelvin (K). The Sun is part of the main sequence group. According to the graph, the Sun is best described as • massive sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 20,000 K • massive sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 10,000 K • average sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 8,000 K • average sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 6,000 K
Table 45 A student writes in a laboratory notebook:I placed a piece of iron in a beaker of water and the iron sank to the bottom of the beaker.What the student wrote in the laboratory notebook is an example of a(n) • observation • prediction • inference • hypothesis
