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Kingdom Protist

Kingdom Protist. What is a Protist?. all are eukaryotes and are not animals, plants, or fungi There are 3 basic groups: 1) Animal-like protists: heterotrophs 2) Plant-like protists: autotrophs 3) Fungus-like protists: decomposers. Animal-like Protists:.

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Kingdom Protist

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  1. Kingdom Protist

  2. What is a Protist? • all are eukaryotes and are not animals, plants, or fungi • There are 3 basic groups: 1) Animal-like protists: heterotrophs 2) Plant-like protists: autotrophs 3) Fungus-like protists: decomposers

  3. Animal-like Protists: All are heterotrophic

  4. 1) Zooflagellates • Type of Protist: Animal-like • Characteristics: • can cause disease or live mutually with organisms like the termite; found in their intestines to break down wood • Part used for movement: 1 or more flagella • Does it cause disease? • Yes, cause AfricanSleeping Sickness (Trypanosoma) and can cause Giardiasis, intestine troubles (Giardia)

  5. 2) Amoeba • Type of Protist: Animal-like • Characteristics: • wraps pseudopods (temporary projection of cytoplasm) around food • ingests food through endocytosis • Part used for movement: pseudopod • Does it cause disease? • Yes, Amoebic Dysentery. caused by eating/drinking where conditions are not sanitary

  6. Contractile vacuole Pseudopods Nucleus Food vacuole Figure 20-4 An Amoeba Section 20-2 Go to Section:

  7. 3) Paramecium • Type of Protist: Animal-like • Characteristics: • sweeps food into mouth using cilia (tiny hair-like structures) • Part used for movement: cilia • Does it cause disease? No

  8. Trichocysts Oral groove Lysosomes Gullet Anal pore Contractile vacuole Micronucleus Macronucleus Food vacuoles Cilia Figure 20-5 A Ciliate Section 20-2 Go to Section:

  9. 4) Sporozoans • Type of Protist: Animal-like • Characteristics: • parasitic and requires a host • Part used for movement: they don’t move • Does it cause disease? • Yes, Malaria in humans which kills 2-4 million people a year

  10. Figure 20-7 The Life Cycle of Plasmodium Section 20-2 Mosquito bites human, injecting saliva that contains Plasmodium sporozoites Plasmodium undergoes several stages of development in mosquito’s body Plasmodium sporozoites Sporozoites infect liver cells Anopheles mosquito bites infected human and picks up Plasmodium cells Liver Infected liver cells burst, releasing Plasmodium cells that infect red blood cells Infected red blood cells burst, releasing Plasmodium cells; some can infect other red blood cells, and others can infect mosquitoes Plasmodium cells Red blood cells Go to Section:

  11. Plant-like Protists: any photosynthetic protist produce a large amount of the world oxygen the pigments each protist uses helps us classify it

  12. 1) Euglena • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • uses a red-eye spot that sense light • are mainly autotrophic, but can be heterotrophs • contain chlorophyll but no cell wall • Part used for movement: 2 flagella • Does it cause disease? No

  13. Euglena Section 20-3 Chloroplast Carbohydrate storage bodies Gullet Pellicle Contractile vacuole Nucleus Flagella Eyespot Go to Section:

  14. 2) Diatoms • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • Fragile glass-like cell walls • Among the most abundant organisms on Earth • Used to make toothpastes and scouring cleansers • Part used for movement: no specialized parts, just floats with the water • Does it cause disease? No

  15. 3) Dinoflagellates • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • Thick cell walls • Some are luminescent: give off light • Red tide, occurs when dinoflagellates release a toxin into the water at certain times of year, this kills off ocean life and poses a health risk • Part used for movement: 2 flagella that cause it to spin • Does it cause disease? No

  16. 4) Red Algae • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • Contain red pigments • Part used for movement: don’t move • Does it cause disease? No

  17. 5) Brown Algae • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • contains brown pigments • largest and most complex of all algae • kelp, important food source • Part used for movement: don’t move • Does it cause disease? No

  18. 6) Green Algae • Type of Protist: Plant-like • Characteristics: • Considered to be the ancestors of plants • Part used for movement: don’t move • Does it cause disease? No

  19. Fungus-like Protists: • heterotrophs (decomposers) that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying matter and can also be parasitic • reproduce using spores (reproductive cells that are resistant to harsh environments) • Includes slime molds, and water molds • Scientists think the Irish potato famine of late 1800’s was possibly caused by water mold

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