Fundamentals of Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Course

1. Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Course Code GEOG2112 Department of Geography Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences United Arab Emirates University Textbook: Thomas Eugene Avery and Graydon Lennis Berlin, Fundamentals of Remote Sensing and Airphoto Interpretation, Fifth Edition, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 1992. Dr. M. M. Yagoub E-mail: myagoub@uaeu.ac.ae E-mail: myagoub@hotmail.com URL : http://www.angelfire.com/mo/yagoub

2. Overview • Course overview • What is remote sensing? • History of remote sensing • Remote sensing organizations / web sites • Remote sensing literature • Remote sensing basic processes • Advantages of remote sensing • Remote sensing applications

3. Course overview • The objective of this course is to introduce students to: – The principles of Aerial photography – The principles of Remote Sensing – Visual Image Interpretation – Digital Image classification – Usage of aerial photography and satellite imagery in Environmental Applications

4. Assessment • Final Exam 40% • Mid Term Exam 25% • Quiz 10% • Course work 20% • Computer presentation 5% Total 100%

5. What is remote sensing? The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) defined Remote Sensing (RS) as: “The art, science, and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment, through the process of recording, measuring, and interpreting imagery and digital representation of energy patterns derived from non contact sensor system " . This definition considered photogrammetry as sub-field of remote sensing – via cameras recording on film, which may then be scanned (aerial photos) – via sensors, which directly output digital data (satellite imagery)

6. Remote sensing Satellite Aero-plane

7. History of remote sensing • • • • 1783: The Marquis d’Arlandes and Pilatre made a voyage near Paris using a balloon. Photography using balloon, pigeon 1860: Aerial photos in Russia and the USA 1914-19: The first World War and the second World War (1939-45) had seen tremendous development in photography 1927: Robert Goddard launched the first liquid-fueled rocket. 1955: Work began on the Baikonur launch site in central Asia. 1957: Sputnik 1 launched from Baikonur (first satellite) 1961: Yuri Gagarin launched in the Vostok 1 capsule, becoming the first human in space. 1969: Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon. 1971: The first Space Station in history, the Russian Salyut 1 1972: (US Landsat1) the concept of imaging from satellites is introduced 1986: France launched the first stereo-image satellite (SPOT1) 1992: The space year (the maturity of remote sensing - 20 years of operation) 1995 The Shuttle-Mir Program (1stphase of the International Space Station (ISS). 2000 The first 3 astronauts (2 Russian and one American) start to live in the ISS • • • • • • • • • • •

8. Remote Sensing Organizations • ISPRS- International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing • IGARSS- International Geosciences And Remote Sensing Symposium • NASA -National Aeronautic and Space Administration (USA) • ESA- European Space Agency (Europe) • NASDA- National Space Development Agency (Japan) • CNES- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (France ) • DARA- German Space Agency • CSA - Canadian Space Agency • NRSA- National Remote Sensing Agency of India

9. Remote sensing web sites http://ftp.geog.ucl.ac.be/~patrick/geogr/Eteledetec.html - remote sensing index http:// www.esrin.esa.it - Eurpopean Space Agency http://geo.arc.nasa.gov - NASA program http://www.spot.com - French satellite SPOT http://www.nasda.go.jp/ - Japan space agency http://www.rka.ru./ Russian Space Agency (RSA) http://www.coresw.com - Russian imagery source http://www.space.gc.ca/ Canadian Space Agency (CSA) http://www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/ -Canada Center for Remote Sensing http://www.inpe.br/ National Institute for Space Research (Brazil) http://www.asprs.org -American Society http://www.man.ac.uk - Manshester Univ. http://www.idrisi.clarku.edu - Idrisi site http://www.amazon.com - Bookstore http://www.brevard.cc.fl.us/BTR_Labs/bober/martin/rs/overview.htm Dr. Martin McClinton, (*.ppt) format (V. Good) • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

10. Remote sensing literature-Journal/Conferences • Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote sensing (PE & RS) • Photogrammetric Record • International Journal of Remote Sensing • ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing • ISPRS conference proceedings • IGARSS conference proceedings

11. Remote sensing literature -Books • Askne, J. (1995). Sensors and Environmental applications of remote sensing, Balkema, Rotterdam, NL • Campbell, J. B. , 1996. Introduction to Remote Sensing. 2nded.,Taylor and Francis, London • Dengre, J. (1994). Thematic Mapping from satellite imagery: Guide book, Elsevier ltd, Boulevard • Lillesand, T. M. and R. W. Kiefer, 2000. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. 4thed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York • Simonette, D. S. (ed) (1983) Manual of remote sensing, the Sheridan Press, Falls church

12. Remote sensing basic processes • Data acquisition (energy propagation, platforms) • Processing (conversion of energy pattern to images) • Analysis (quantitative and qualitative analysis) • Accuracy assessment (radiometric and geometric correction) • Information distribution to users (hard copy, CCT, CD-ROM, X-BYTE)

13. 13 Distribution Receiving station processing Archiving

14. Remote sensing basic processes

15. Advantages of remote sensing • Provides a regional view (large areas) • Provides repetitive looks at the same area • Remote sensors "see" over a broader portion of the spectrum than the human eye • Sensors can focus in on a very specific bandwidth in an image or a number of bandwidths simultaneously • Provides geo-referenced, digital, data • Some remote sensors operate in all seasons, at night, and in bad weather

16. Remote sensing applications • Land-use mapping • Forest and agriculture applications • Telecommunication planning • Environmental applications • Hydrology and coastal mapping • Urban planning • Emergencies and Hazards • Global change and Meteorology

17. Applications