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Customers requirements and regulation constraints

CUSTOMERS REQUIREMENTS Comfort Acoustic Thermic Ergonomic Habitability Quality Longevity Reliability Low cost Purchase Fuel consumption Maintenance Repairs. REGULATION Atmospheric pollution Safety Noise

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Customers requirements and regulation constraints

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  1. CUSTOMERS REQUIREMENTS • Comfort Acoustic Thermic Ergonomic Habitability • Quality Longevity Reliability • Low cost Purchase Fuel consumption Maintenance Repairs • REGULATION • Atmospheric pollution • Safety • Noise • End of life vehicle recycling MARKETING • Corrosion warranty 12 years Customers requirements and regulation constraints

  2. 34% 51% 66% 41% Contribution of road traffic to pollutant emissions in Europe in 1995 NOX PARTICLES NMHC CO Source european agency for environment

  3. HC + NOX CO 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 70 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 Emission regulations in Europe 100% 94/12/EEC 70/220/EEC 74/290/EEC 77/102/EEC 78/665/EEC 85/351/EEC 91/441/EEC

  4. Emissions in g/km EURO 2 EURO 3 EURO 4 EURO 2 EURO 3 EURO 4 Diesel Gasoline (1996) (2000) (2005) (1996) (2000) (2005) 0,34 0,2 0,1 0,71 0,56 0,3 HC HC + NOX 0,25 0,15 0,08 0,63 0,5 0,25 NOX NOX 3,2 2,3 1 1,06 0,64 0,5 CO CO 0,08 0,05 0,025 PARTICLES Future emissions standards for passenger cars

  5. CO2 emissions and hence fuel consumptionshall be reduced of 25 % by 2008

  6. Impact on fuel Improvement of 10 % of : consumption n Power train efficiency 10 % n Vehicle Mass 5 % n Rolling resistance 2-3 % n Power consumption 1-2 % of auxiliairies Source : Renault Fuel saving potential of various technologies

  7. 100 % 63 % 32 % 16 % Noise level (dB) Acoustic Energy (%) 74 dB(A) 82 dB(A) 80 dB(A) 77 dB(A) 1970 1977 1984 1996 European noise limits for cars

  8. EU targets for a recovery and recycling contentof end of life vehicles 2005 2015 85 % 95 % n Recovery Rate 80 % 85 % n Recycling Rate

  9. NEW ECE R33 ADAC AMS EURO NCAP NORM NORM TEST TEST (Oct. 98) Vehicle speed 48 50 55 56 64 (km/h) R D R D D Barrier type 100 % 50 % 50 % 40 % 40 % Overlap 0° 15° 0° 0° Barrier angle R = Rigid D = Deformable FRONTAL CRASH TESTS EURO

  10. Corrosion protection is being pulled by VW and Opel’s 12 years perforation guarantee - Marketing Stroke - Cost Reduction - Weight Reduction

  11. 85 % 83 % Duplex coating 64 % Electrogalvanized 40 % 17 % Hot Dip galvanized 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 European average coated steel content in a body in white

  12. Body-in-white Conception of leightweighting solutions including new steel qualities, like Ultra high strengh steels, Usilight, Taylored blanks... taking into account results of Ulsab Multi-thicknesses blanks Spot welded patchworks Laser welded tailored blanks Structures Low cost car, through space frame conception. Opportunity to combine very high strengh steels, hydroforming and roll forming STEEL SOLUTIONS FOR WEIGHT REDUCTION

  13. Tensile strength (Mpa) 1500 1400 Boron steel 1300 1200 1100 1000 TRIP 900 800 Dual phase 700 - BH 600 - Rephosphored 500 400 HES Micro alloyed 300 200 100 Cold-rolled steels for automotive applications 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Elongation %

  14. overaging Dual phase 600 - Metallurgical aspectsDP600 125C - 1400 Mn - 350Si - 200Cr - 60Mo Continuous annealing Intercritical annealing 800°C 8 - 15% Martensite

  15. 63 Numberin millions 51 42 29 18 13 7 6 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Use of Tailored welded blanks in Europe

  16. USILIGHT APPLICATIONS PRODUCT • Hood • Rear trunk • Fenders • Rear floor • Under hood parts 3 layers sandwich structure : • Steel 0.25 mm • Rigid polymer  1 mm • Steel 0.25 mm Hood : prototype ADVANTAGES • Strong rigidity - Low weight in Kg / m2 • Good behaviour regarding indentation • Weight reduction (ex : Hood up to 40 %) DRAWBACKS • Material cost

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