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Biological Laboratory Safety

Biological Laboratory Safety. REHS. Rutgers Environmental Health and Safety REHS supports Rutgers University by providing comprehensive and professional health, safety and environmental services to the University community. Protect Rutgers employees, students and visitors.

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Biological Laboratory Safety

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  1. Biological Laboratory Safety

  2. REHS Rutgers Environmental Health and Safety • REHS supports Rutgers University by providing comprehensive and professional health, safety and environmental services to the University community. • Protect Rutgers employees, students and visitors. • REHS ensures compliance with government regulations

  3. Regulatory Agencies • The safety standards and practices described here have been developed and are regulated by government agencies including • CDC (Center for Disease Control) • NIH (National Institutes of Health)

  4. Agenda • Lab Safety • Biohazards • Biosafety Levels • Biosafety Cabinets

  5. Lab Safety • Safe Laboratory Practices • Lab coats • Safety glasses • Proper footwear • Hair back • No food or drink in the laboratory

  6. Biohazard • An agent of biological origin that can cause disease in humans • Microorganism • Toxin • Allergen

  7. Biosafety The combined use of • laboratory practices, • laboratory facilities and • safety equipment to work with potentially infectious microorganisms.

  8. Why use biosafety practices? To protect: • Workers/Students • Products/Experimental results • Environment/Laboratory classroom

  9. Biosafety Levels • BL-1: agents are not known to cause disease • BL-2: agents are associated with human disease • BL-3: agents are associated with human disease and are potentially transmitted as aerosols • BL-4: agents of life threatening nature

  10. Biosafety Level 1 (BL-1) Use BL-1 when working with: • Well characterized agents • Agents that are not known to cause disease in health humans • Agents that are of minimal hazard to lab personnel and the environment Examples of BL-1 Agents: • E. coli JM109, DH5a • Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  11. Biosafety Level 1 (BL-1) Standard Work Practices • Use mechanical pipetting devices • Wash hands frequently • Minimize splashes and aerosols • Decontaminate work surfaces daily • Handle wastes properly • Maintain insect and rodent control program

  12. Biosafety Level 1 (BL-1) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Lab coat or apron • Safety glasses or goggles • Gloves as needed

  13. Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2) Use BL-2 practices when working with: • Agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the environment Examples of BL-2 agents: • Human blood or body fluids • E. coli 0157:H7 • Clostridium botulinum • Retroviral vectors • Human cells in cell culture

  14. Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2) • Adequate illumination • Eyewash facility • Negative air pressure • Autoclave available • Biological safety cabinet • Lab must be separated from public areas

  15. Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2) Standard Work Practices • Use mechanical pipetting devices • Wash hands frequently • Minimize splashes and aerosols • Decontaminate work surfaces daily • Handle wastes properly • Maintain insect and rodent control program

  16. Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2) Special Practices • Place used slides and coverslips in sharps containers, never in any other receptacle. • Sharps containers are: • Red in color • Marked with the biohazard symbol • Puncture resistant • Leak proof

  17. Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Lab coat or apron • Safety glasses or goggles • Gloves • Biosafety cabinet • Aerosols or splashes • Large volumes • High concentrations

  18. Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs) • Provide product, personal and environmental protection. • Various classes of BSCs are available • Amount of air exhausted • Amount of employee protection

  19. Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs)

  20. Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs) • Sterile air is exhausted from BSCs through a HEPA filter. • HEPA filter can trap particles to 0.3 microns • Chemical vapors and fumes pass through HEPA filters

  21. Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs) Helpful Hints • Enter straight into the cabinet, avoid sweeping motions • Don’t place materials on the grill • Keep discard pan or bag inside the cabinet • Decon materials before removal from the cabinet

  22. Decontamination • Sterilization: destroy all microbial life, including spores • Disinfection: destroy a majority of microbial life, but not necessarily spores • Antiseptic: germistat used on skin to inhibit growth of microorganisms

  23. Decontamination Agent Selection • Degree of killing required • Nature of item to be treated • Ease of use • Safety • Cost • Type and amount of organism

  24. Decontamination Methods • Heat: steam heat, dry heat, incineration • Chemical: bleach, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, ethylene oxide, paraformaldehyde • Radiation

  25. Decontamination Disinfectants do not replace standard microbiological practices and good hygiene!

  26. Biological Waste Types • Cultures, stocks • Sharps • Pipettes, tips and weigh boats • Other materials

  27. Biological Waste BL-1 Waste • Solids • Collect and package in clear autoclave bags • Autoclave to sterilize • Dispose of in regular trash dumpster (as long as no chemical or radioactive contaminants are present) • Liquids • Collect in containers with lids • Autoclave or treat with 10% bleach to sterilize • Dispose of down the drain (as long as no chemical or radioactive contaminants are present)

  28. Biological Waste Sharps (needles, syringes, scalpel blades, slides, blood vials, pasteur pipettes) • Collect in approved sharps container • Autoclave to sterilize • Dispose of in medical waste boxes

  29. Biosafety and REHS • Protocol Approval • REHS provisionally approves experimental protocols. • All protocols must be approved if they involve: • recombinant DNA, • non-recombinant human, animal or plant pathogens, • human cell culture, • human tissue/blood experiments • Laboratory inspections • RU Biosafety Committee provides final approval to protocols

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