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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM . C16L1 Part 1. The Respiratory System. What does the respiratory system do? How do the parts of the respiratory system work together? How does the respiratory system interact with other body systems?. Functions of the respiratory system . breathing

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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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  1. THERESPIRATORY SYSTEM C16L1 Part 1

  2. The Respiratory System • What does the respiratory system do? • How do the parts of the respiratory system work together? • How does the respiratory system interact with other body systems?

  3. Functions of the respiratory system • breathing • gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood (supply oxygen & removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases) • preventing foreign substances from entering during breathing • phonation (speaking)

  4. Breathing • Breathingis the movement of air into and out of the lungs. • Breathing enables your respiratory system to take in oxygen and to eliminate carbon dioxide.

  5. Respiratory System • Every cell in your body needs oxygen for a series of chemical reactions called cellular respiration. • During cellular respiration, oxygen and sugars react, releasing energy a cell can use. • Your respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases from your body, so that cells can function.

  6. Inhale / Inspiration breathe in

  7. Exhale / Expiration breathe out

  8. STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • nose and nasal cavities • pharynx • larynx • trachea • bronchi • bronchioles • alveoli

  9. nose and nasal cavities nasal septum: separate the two nasal cavities

  10. ciliated mucous membranes Cilia line the nose and most other airways in the respiratory system.

  11. Functions of the cilia • Wavelike motions of the cilia carry trapped particles away from your lungs. • The cilia help prevent harmful particles from getting very far into your respiratory system.

  12. Functions of the ciliated mucous membranes • filters bacteria, smoke, and dust particles from the air • warms and moistens air If anything irritates nasal membranes, it stimulates sneezing.

  13. mucous a thick, sticky substance that filters the air entering the body

  14. pharynx The pharynxis a tube-like passageway at the top of the throat that receives air, food, and liquids from the mouth or nose.

  15. pharynx • muscular tube lined with a ciliated mucous membrane • about 5 inches long • extends from the back of the nose to the esophagus • sometimes called the "control center" for incoming substances, since it serves both the respiratory and digestive systems

  16. 7 openings into or out of the pharynx • 2 openings of nasal cavities • 2 passageways to middle ear-space (Eustachian tubes) • opening of mouth • esophagus (passageway to stomach) • larynx (passageway to lungs)

  17. larynx (voice box) short passageway from the pharynx to the trachea

  18. larynx walls consist of cartilage pieces held together by several muscles and ligaments

  19. vocal chords (or folds) a pair of membrane folds in the larynx

  20. false vocal cords The more superior set, called the false vocal cords, functions primarily to protect the glottis.

  21. true vocal cords The inferior set, the true vocal cords, produces the voice.

  22. vocal chords (or folds) vocal chords in females are thinner and shorter (they vibrate more rapidly)

  23. vocal chords (or folds) vocal chords in males are thicker and longer (they vibrate more slowly)

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