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Energy Saving Solutions with 21st century Phase Change Materials

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Energy Saving Solutions with 21st century Phase Change Materials

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    1. Energy Saving Solutions with 21st century Phase Change Materials

    2. The Challenge One of the most pressing challenges the world faces today is the increasing demand for energy against the backdrop of finite resources. The search for renewable sources of energy must go on, as must the development of new energy saving solutions which are effective, safe, economically viable, and have a positive impact on the Earth’s Ecological Balance. PCMs are INNOVATIVE, INEXPENSIVE and EFFICIENT

    3. Energy Use In the United States, nearly 70% of the energy used in commercial and residential structures are spent on Heating or Cooling the building. According to officials at Oak Ridge National labs, The US Department of Energy and many other accreditation labs, the use of properly formulated and placed PCMs within the structure can reduce that heating and cooling load by 40% to 60%.

    4. Energy Use The use of PCMs in buildings within the United States has the potential to save Quadrillions of BTUs of energy every year. Reducing our dependency on foreign energy sources, and significantly reducing our carbon footprint.

    5. Peak Load Benefits Utility companies will appreciate benefits from a shift in their peak daytime loads with the widespread use of PCMs. Energy absorbed during the day by the PCM is gradually released at night over the following 6 – 8 hours. The result is that with large-scale use of PCMs in buildings on the grid, much less power will be consumed at present conventional peak hours and somewhat more energy will be consumed at present off-peak hours. A perfect solution. This will potentially result in savings to customers who purchase power during off-peak hours as well as present & future savings for the utility company in reducing the need for capital investments to increase peak-load capacity.

    6. Conceptual Change In Controlling Heat Gain or Loss in Buildings

    7. Conceptual Change In Controlling Heat Gain or Loss in Buildings Heat energy only flows from a warmer to a cooler place. The amount of heat flow depends on two things, the temperature difference between the two places and the conductivity of the heat flow path.

    8. Conceptual Change In Controlling Heat Gain or Loss in Buildings Heat energy only flows from a warmer to a cooler place. The amount of heat flow depends on two things, the temperature difference between the two places and the conductivity of the heat flow path. Traditionally we limit heat flow by placing more resistance (“R” Value) between the two temperature differences.

    9. Conceptual Change In Controlling Heat Gain or Loss in Buildings Heat energy only flows from a warmer to a cooler place. The amount of heat flow depends on two things, the temperature difference between the two places and the conductivity of the heat flow path. Traditionally we limit heat flow by placing more resistance (“R” Value) between the two temperature differences. Our New Approach is totally different. It controls the temperature differential across the “R” Value.

    10. “R” VALUE Ordinary thermal insulation such as fiberglass or cellulose, work by slowing the rate at which heat energy flows from a warm to a cooler area. The rate of heat energy flow is controlled by two factors:

    11. The New Approach If temperature difference (Q) can be kept low, then heat flow across an “R” Value is also kept low.

    12. The New Approach If temperature difference (Q) can be kept low, then heat flow across an “R” Value is also kept low. If the temperature difference, sometimes called Delta T, (?T) equaled zero, then zero heat flow would occur.

    13. The New Approach If temperature difference (Q) can be kept low, then heat flow across an “R” Value is also kept low. If the temperature difference, sometimes called Delta T, (?T) equaled zero, then zero heat flow would occur. Using this new approach, zero heat flow conditions have been witnessed even when large temperature differences existed between the spaces.

    14. The New Approach If temperature difference (Q) can be kept low, then heat flow across an “R” Value is also kept low. If the temperature difference, sometimes called Delta T, (?T) equaled zero, then zero heat flow would occur. Using this new approach, zero heat flow conditions have been witnessed even when large temperature differences existed between the spaces. The old conventional way would require an infinite amount of “R” Value to accomplish this and is impossible to achieve utilizing conventional insulations. PCM and an Air Seal like Foam insulation together can achieve amazing balance in your structures climate management systems.

    15. Phase Change Materials

    16. Phase Change Materials

    17. Phase Change Materials

    18. Sensible Heat? Sensible heat is ordinary heat and it determines the temperature of a material. If you add thermal energy the temperature increases, if you remove the thermal energy the temperature falls.

    19. Latent Heat Latent Heat is harder to understand. It is the heat that is released when a PCM changes phase from a liquid to a solid. To melt the PCM and change it back to a liquid requires the same amount of extra Latent Heat energy. This means a small amount of PCM at the phase change temperature can CONTROL a relatively LARGE amount of energy and release at a CONTROLLED rate.

    20. Constant Temperature The interesting and most significant asset of an ideal PCM is that the temperature of the PCM does not change during the phase change.

    21. Constant Temperature The interesting and most significant asset of an ideal PCM is that the temperature of the PCM does not change during the phase change. Water is a good PCM and it changes phase at 32°F. As long as there is a mixture of ice and water the temperature of the mix will always remain constant at 32°F. This is the reason you don’t want to remove the water from your cooler until ALL of the ice has melted.

    22. Latent Heat Used to Control Heat Flow The temperature difference across the internal “R” Value of a wall or a ceiling has never been challenged and was long thought to be immutable.

    23. Latent Heat Used to Control Heat Flow The temperature difference across the internal “R” Value of a wall or a ceiling has never been challenged and was long thought to be immutable. By using Phase Change Materials (PCMs) it is possible to control this temperature difference for a time. The length of that time period is determined by the amount of PCM, the temperature difference and the “R” Values on both sides of the PCM.

    24. A small amount of INFINITE-R to control the temperature difference across a wall for 24 hours is all that is necessary to maximize the efficiency across the barrier, i.e. wall assembly or containment structure. A typical application in a residential building may be to affix the PCM sheet (background of this slide) to the inside of the exterior wall, then spray 2” of closed cell foam over it, drywall and you have a wall assembly that is air sealed and the PCM will control the heat flow or “bridging” that commonly occurs in a wall cavity during the hot day and release that energy to the outside at night when it is cooler. Latent Heat Used to Control Heat Flow

    25. Latent Heat Used to Control Heat Flow A small amount of INFINITE-R to control the temperature difference across a wall for 24 hours is all that is necessary. During daylight hours the INFINITE-R is melting and each night it will refreeze. The INFINITE-R changes to solid at night and to liquid during the day. All the while that this is going on day after day THE INFINITE-R REMAINS AT A CONSTANT TEMPERATURE! It is this characteristic of the PCM that we have seized upon.

    26. Calcium Chloride

    27. Use In Construction For use in construction, PCMs would ideally have melting points just above room temperatures such that they are still solid at room temperature. Any increase in room temperature causes them to melt thus absorbing heat from its surroundings. A reduction in temperature to below the phase change temperature would result in heat being released to the surrounding air again. Consequently the use of PCMs aids in removing fluctuations in room temperature, thus reducing heating and cooling loads.

    28. The Building Envelope

    29. The Building Envelope Phase Change Materials can be incorporated into the building envelope, for example, in both interior and exterior walls and ceilings as well as in the floor.

    30. The Building Envelope Phase Change Materials can be incorporated into the building envelope, for example, in both interior and exterior walls and ceilings as well as in the floor. It can be combined with under floor heating, in conjunction with modern roofing design and with other insulation materials.

    31. Custom Formulating

    32. Custom Formulating But what if ambient temperatures in your region require a different melt point?

    33. Custom Formulating But what if ambient temperatures in your region require a different melt point? INFINITE R Technologies can custom formulate an ideal melt point for your region.

    34. Custom Formulating But what if ambient temperatures in your region require a different melt point? INFINITE R Technologies can custom formulate an ideal melt point for your region. In the American Sonora Desert as an example 90° F may be necessary.

    35. Custom Formulating But what if ambient temperatures in your region require a different melt point? INFINITE R Technologies can custom formulate an ideal melt point for your region. In the American Sonora Desert as an example 90° F may be necessary. In Maine, the Maritimes and the UK for another example (18°C) 65° F would be more appropriate.

    36. Custom Formulating But what if ambient temperatures in your region require a different melt point? INFINITE R Technologies can custom formulate an ideal melt point for your region. In the American Sonora Desert as an example 90° F may be necessary. In Maine, the Maritimes and the UK for another example (18°C) 65° F would be more appropriate. All are well within our range of product lines.

    37. Applications There are dozens of other applications for PCMs. From leading edges in the aerospace and aircraft industry, to thermal packaging in the shipping industry, to reducing the power necessary to bring boilers and kilns back up to temperature, to modulation of temperatures in green houses.

    38. Applications Infinite-R Technologies can customize Infinite R for virtually any temperature melt point required for the application and YOU can supply and install it for your customer! Unlimited potential with this new solution.

    39. Licensing

    40. Licensing Combining a Phase Change Material with Insulation is a patented concept tested and proven to work. Licensing and expertise for development are available now with protected territories and lead generation.

    41. Licensing Combining a Phase Change Material with Insulation is a patented concept tested and proven to work. Licensing and expertise for development are available now with protected territories and lead generation. Standard packaging machines can be used to make the product.

    42. Licensing Combining a Phase Change Material with Insulation is a patented concept tested and proven to work. Licensing and expertise for development are available now with protected territories and lead generation. Standard packaging machines can be used to make the product. Necessary equipment, materials, training and marketing are available Today!

    43. Licensing Combining a Phase Change Material with Insulation is a patented concept tested and proven to work. Licensing and expertise for development are available now with protected territories and lead generation. Standard packaging machines can be used to make the product. Necessary equipment, materials, training and marketing are available Today!

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