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Cholinergic Agents

Cholinergic Agents. Cholinergic Agents. Alkaloids Nicotine Lobeline Arecoline Muscarine Pilocarpine. Synthetic Agents Dimethylphenylpiperazinium-(DMPP) Oxotremorine Methacholine Bethanechol Carbachol Cevimeline. Nicotine.

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Cholinergic Agents

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  1. Cholinergic Agents

  2. Cholinergic Agents Alkaloids Nicotine Lobeline Arecoline Muscarine Pilocarpine Synthetic Agents Dimethylphenylpiperazinium-(DMPP) Oxotremorine Methacholine Bethanechol Carbachol Cevimeline

  3. Nicotine Nicotine mimics the actions of acetylcholine at nicotinic sites Cell body of the postsynaptic neurons sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla End plate of skeletal muscle fiber Affinity for NN sites versus NM sites Used as an insecticide

  4. Muscarine Muscarine mimics the actions of acetylcholine at smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands Poisoning by muscarine produces intense effects qualitative to those produced by cholinergic stimulation of smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and glands Muscarine is found in various mushrooms Amanita muscaria: content of muscarine is very low Inocybe sp: content of muscarine is high Clitocybe sp: content of muscarine is high

  5. Pilocarpine Has muscarinic actions Used for xerostomia Used for glaucoma

  6. Structure of Acetylcholine and its Derivatives Acetylcholine Methacholine Bethanechol Carbachol

  7. Therapeutic Uses of Cholinergic Agonists Dentistry Pilocarpine Cevimeline Ophthalmology Pilocarpine Carbachol Gastrointestinal tract Bethanechol Urinary bladder Bethanechol

  8. Contraindications to the Use of Choline Esters Hyperthyroidism Asthma Coronary insufficiency Peptic ulcer Organic obstruction in bladder or gastrointestinal tract

  9. Toxicity of Choline Esters Flushing SWEATING (diaphoresis) Abdominal cramps Spasm of the urinary bladder Spasm of accomodation Miosis Headache Salivation Bronchospasm Lacrimation Hypotension Bradycardia

  10. Agents That Inhibit Acetylcholinesterase

  11. Acetylcholinesterase (True Cholinesterase)

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