1 / 32

Chapter 7: Memory and Training

Chapter 7: Memory and Training. Slide Template. Working memory. Representation of working memory . Encoding Storage Retrieval. Working memory model . Phonological loop Visuo -spatial sketchpad Central executive Episodic buffer. . Working Memory Interference. Code Interference

niyati
Download Presentation

Chapter 7: Memory and Training

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 7: Memory and Training Slide Template

  2. Working memory

  3. Representation of working memory • Encoding • Storage • Retrieval

  4. Working memory model • Phonological loop • Visuo-spatial sketchpad • Central executive • Episodic buffer.

  5. Working Memory Interference • Code Interference • Verbal-phonetic versus visual-spatial code interference • Interference in the Central Executive • Central-executive intensive tasks (random number generation)

  6. Working Memory, the Central Executive and Executive Control • Working memory capacity • Role of central executive in executive control

  7. Matching Display with Working Memory Code • Stimulus/central processing/response compatibility. • Echoic and iconic memory

  8. Limitations of Working Memory • Duration • Brown Peterson paradigm. • Capacity • Relationship with speed of rehearsal. • Magic number 7 +/- 2.  • Chunking • Chunks of information • Parsing

  9. Interference & confusion

  10. Proactive and Retroactive Interference • Relationship between interference, and space and similarity • Implications of design • Working memory analysis

  11. EXPERTISE AND MEMORY

  12. Expertise • General characteristics • Intrinsic versus contrived tasks

  13. Expertise and Chunking • Template theory and chunking • Chunking strategies • Novice versus expert differences

  14. Skilled Memory and Long Term Working Memory • Limitations of chunking based accounts • Long-term working memory theory

  15. EVERYDAY MEMORY

  16. Prospective Memory • Effects of delay on PM performance • PM and motivation • Implementation intention and strategies to improve PM

  17. Transactive Memory (System) • Properties of a TMS • Specialisation, coordination and credibility • Collaborative inhibition • How it can be reduced • TMS and team performance

  18. SITUATION AWARENESS

  19. Situation Awareness versus Situation Assessment • Examples

  20. Working Memory and Expertise in Situation Awareness • Evidence for links between WM and SA • Role of LTWM in SA

  21. Levels of SA and Anticipation • Endsley’s Three levels of SA • Perception • Comprehension • Projection • Mechanisms by which anticipation is accomplished

  22. Measuring SA and the Role of Anticipation • SAGAT • SPAM • Implicit performance-based measures

  23. PLANNING AND PROBLEM SOLVING

  24. Planning and Problem Solving • Role of working memory and difficulty • Satisficing problem solving and opportunistic planning • Supporting planning and problem solving • Visualisation • Heuristic strategies in problem solving • Training to support team problem solving • Heterogeneous and homogeneous pairs

  25. TRAINING

  26. Transfer of Training • Measuring transfer • Transfer effectiveness ratio. • Training system fidelity • Realism, complexity, workload and learning outcome

  27. Transfer of Training • Negative transfer • Similarity of stimulus and response elements between old and new task.

  28. Training Techniques and Strategies • Cognitive Load Theory • Intrinsic load, germane load and extraneous load • Training support and error prevention: Reducing intrinsic load • Worked examples and scaffolding • Task simplification • Reducing intrinsic load – adaptive training • Part task training • Reducing intrinsic load – fractionation (task), segmentation (task), time sharing skills, and variable priority training • Active learning • Increasing germane load – generation effect, and active versus passive learning

  29. Training Techniques and Strategies • Multi-media instruction • Decreasing extraneous load – dual-coding principle • Feedback • Practice and overlearning • Expertise effect • Distribution of practice • Training-transfer

  30. LONG TERM MEMORY: REPRESENTATION, ORGANISATION, AND RETRIEVAL

  31. Knowledge Representation • Procedural versus declarative knowledge • Implicit, semantic and episodic memory • Knowledge elicitation to extract domain knowledge from experts • Knowledge organisation • Implications for design of menus • Mental model • Role, novice versus expert differences • Methods for representing long-term knowledge • Work domain analysis, observations and interviews, protocol analysis

  32. Memory Retrieval and Forgetting • Recall and recognition • Implications for design of computer interfaces, remember-know paradigm, retrieval cues, and retrieval induced forgetting • Event memory • Accuracy, misinformation effect • Skill Retention • Skill type, sequence of practice, individual differences

More Related