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The Animal Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom. Objective 5.3. Symmetry Review. There are 3 types of symmetry Bilateral- body parts can be split into two equal halves Radial- body parts arranged in a circle Asymmetrical- body parts in no definite shape. Vertebrates. Animals with a backbone.

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The Animal Kingdom

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  1. The Animal Kingdom Objective 5.3

  2. Symmetry Review • There are 3 types of symmetry Bilateral- body parts can be split into two equal halves Radial- body parts arranged in a circle Asymmetrical- body parts in no definite shape

  3. Vertebrates • Animals with a backbone

  4. Endothermic vs. Ectothermic • Endotherms are animals who control their own internal body temperature • Ectotherms are animals whose body does not produce much internal heat

  5. Invertebrates • Animals without a backbone • 97% of animals are invertebrates • Many different types of invertebrates: Sponges, Cnidarians, Worms, Echinoderms, Mollusks, Arthropods.

  6. Sponges • Habitat- mostly oceans • They have no organs • Like plants because they are sessile, but unlike plants because they do not make their own food • They are asymmetrical • Reproduce both sexually (externally) and asexually • Budding is one form of asexual reproduction. A small growth forms on the parent organism and then breaks off to form a new sponge.

  7. Cnidarians • Invertebrates that have a central body cavity and use stinging cells to capture prey • Cnidarians reproduce sexually(externally) and asexually. Budding is the most important form. • They exhibit Radial symmetry. Only adults can move.

  8. Worms • Worms have long, narrow bodies, no legs. They have organs and tissues. • Worms reproduce sexually and asexually • They exhibit bilateral symmetry. • There are round, flat, and segmented worms. • They extend and contract to pull forward.

  9. Echinoderms • They have an endoskeleton made of hardened plates. • Reproduce by external fertilization • Exhibit radial body symmetry • Examples include sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers. • They move by using a water vascular system and tube feet.

  10. Mollusks • Have a soft body covered by a shell • Mollusks reproduce sexually. • They exhibit bilateral symmetry. • Examples include gastropods (snails and slugs), bivalves (oysters and clams), and cephalopods (octopi and squid) • Gastropods have a muscular foot • Bivalves are sessile. • Cephalopods move by jet propulsion. • Most have an open circulatory system, as opposed to blood being enclosed in a network of blood vessels.

  11. Arthropods • Have exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and jointed appendages • They reproduce sexually. • They exhibit bilateral symmetry. • Arthro- means joint and podos- means leg in Greek • Examples include crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes, and insects • Method of locomotion- legs and wings

  12. Complete Metamorphosis • Egg • Larva • Pupa • Adult

  13. Incomplete metamorphosis • Egg • Nymph • Larger Nymph • Adult

  14. Vertebrates • There are five vertebrate groups: birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish. • Vertebrates are classified as endothermic (warm-blooded) or ectothermic (cold-blooded). Invertebrates are not classified this way. • Mammals and birds are endothermic. • Reptiles, amphibians, and fish are ectothermic.

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