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PERIODIC TABLE

Sam Ambe Dylan Frost Cody McAdory. PERIODIC TABLE . Alkali Metals . Atomic structures: Lithium: 3 electrons, 3 protons Sodium: 11 electrons, 11 protons Potassium: 19 electrons, 19 protons . Specifics . Lithium: Discovered in 1817 by Johan Arfwedson

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PERIODIC TABLE

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  1. Sam Ambe Dylan Frost Cody McAdory PERIODIC TABLE

  2. Alkali Metals • Atomic structures: • Lithium: 3 electrons, 3 protons • Sodium: 11 electrons, 11 protons • Potassium: 19 electrons, 19 protons

  3. Specifics • Lithium: Discovered in 1817 by Johan Arfwedson • Cesium: Discovered in 1860 by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff • Francium: Discovered in 1925 by D. K. Dobroserlov

  4. Pictures Sodium Rubidium Potassium

  5. Found In Nature? • Francium: is found in trace amounts of uranium and thorium minerals. • Lithium: is found in trace amount in many plants like plankton and invertebrates • Potassium: is found in sea water and the earths crust

  6. Octet Rule • Alkali metals have one dot and want to loose electrons

  7. Ions • Lithium: Li+1 • Potassium: K+1 • Sodium: Na+1

  8. Transition Metals • Atomic structures • Scandium: 21 Electrons, 21 Protons • Titanium: 22 electrons, 22 protons • Vanadium: 23 electrons, 23

  9. Specifics • Cadmium was discovered in 1817 by Friedrich Stromeyer • Technetium was discovered December 1936 by Carlo Perrier and Emillio Segre • Osmium was discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant and William Hyde Wollaston

  10. Pictures Copper Mercury Nickel

  11. Found in Nature? • Gold is mined for in nature • Manganese makes up a large portion of the earths crust and can be found very easily • Ruthenium was found in 1808 used to harden platinum also in eye treatments

  12. Octet Rule Transition Metals will gain or loose electrons depending on how many electrons they already have

  13. Ions • Scandium: Sc+3 • Titanium: Ti+3,4 • Chromium: Cr+2,3,6

  14. Inner Transition Metals • Atomic structures • Lanthanum: 57 electrons, 57 protons • Thulium: 69 electrons, 69 protons • Terbium: 65 electrons, 65 protons

  15. Specifics • Protactinium: discovered by KasimirFajans and O.H. Göhring in 1913 • Nobelium: discovered by A.Ghiorso, T.Sikkeland, J.R. Walton and G.T. seaborg in 1958 • Americium: discovered by Glen T. Seaborg, R. A. James, L. O. Morgan, A. Ghiorso in 1944

  16. Pictures Einsteinium Berkelium Curium

  17. Found in Nature? • Praseodymium: is found in bastnasite ores and is used for coloring glass • Plutonium: found in some uranium mines and is used for nuclear bombs and reactors • Dysprosium: found usually found with erbium and other rare earth minerals used as control rods for nuclear reactors

  18. Octet Rule • Inner transition metals have will gain or loose electrons depending on how many electrons they have

  19. Ions • Cerium: Ce+3,4 • Praseodymium: Pr+3,4 • Promethium: Pm+3

  20. Atomic Structures • -Boron: 5 electrons, 5 protons • -Silicon: 14 electrons, 14 protons • -Arsenic: 33 electrons, 33 protons Metalloids

  21. Specifics • Boron was discovered by J. Gay-Lussac and L. Thernard on June 30, 1808. Boron is used in glass and ceramics. • Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in 1824 and it used to strengthen metal & electrics. • Germanium was discovered by Clemens A Winkler in 1886. It is used as a semi-conductor and lenses.

  22. Representations

  23. Sources • Boron is found in the earths crust and sea water. It can obtained from kernite. • Tellurium is found in sea water and the earths atmosphere. Obtained through mining copper and lead. • Astatine is not found in nature, the only way to get it is through bombarding bismuth with alpha particles.

  24. Octet Rule and Ions • They have 3 to 6 dots and they are different for all off them do to the staircase. • They do not form ions.

  25. Halogens • Atomic Structures - Fluorine: 9 electrons, 9 protons - Chlorine: 17 electrons, 17 protons - Bromine: 35 electrons, 35 electrons

  26. Specifics • Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan in 1886. Fluorine is used to refrigerate and also in tooth paste. • Chlorine was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774. It is used in water purification and bleaches. • Iodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois in 1811. It is used as an antiseptic, dyes, pharmaceuticals, catalysts and photography.

  27. Representations Iodine Fluorine Bromine

  28. Sources • Fluorine is found in minerals like fluorite and cryolite. • Chlorine is found mostly in salt. • Iodine is found in land and in the sea in sodium and potassium compounds.

  29. Octet Rule and Ions • Halogens have 7 dots and they want to gain one more to get to 8 dots. • Yes, they form anions and there charge is negative.

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