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Religion

Religion . Ch. 6. Distribution of Religions. Universalizing religions Christianity Islam Buddhism Ethnic religions Hinduism Other ethnic religions. World Population by Religion.

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Religion

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  1. Religion Ch. 6

  2. Distribution of Religions • Universalizing religions • Christianity • Islam • Buddhism • Ethnic religions • Hinduism • Other ethnic religions

  3. World Population by Religion Fig. 6-1a: Over two-thirds of the world’s population belong to Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, or Buddhism. Christianity is the single largest world religion.

  4. Hinduism • 3rd largest religion • Has no founder – an evolved religion • Both one & 33 million gods • Brahman = the universal soul/source of life • 3 principal gods • Brahma – creator • Vishnu – preserver • Shiva - destroyer

  5. Hinduism • Common beliefs • Moksha • Atman • Karma • Samsara • Sacred texts • Vedas (4) • Upanishads • Bhagavad-Gita

  6. Other Ethnic Religions • Judaism • Roots traced back to Abraham • Texts • Tanakh & the Talmud • Main traditions • Conservative • Orthodox • Reform

  7. Other Ethnic Religions • Confucianism • Social ethics and moral teachings • Daoism • Lao Tzu & the Tao Te Ching • “the path or the way” • Shintoism • Animism

  8. Variations in Distribution of Religions • Diffusion of religions • Diffusion of universalizing religions • Lack of diffusion of ethnic religions • Holy places • Holy places in universalizing religions • Holy places in ethnic religions

  9. Diffusion of Universalizing Religions Fig. 6-4: Each of the three main universalizing religions diffused widely from its hearth.

  10. Organization of Space • Places of worship • Christian worship • Places of worship in other religions • Sacred space • Disposing of the dead • Religious settlements • Administration of space • Hierarchical religions • Locally autonomous religions

  11. Religious Conflicts • Religion vs. government policies • Religion vs. social change • Religion vs. Communism • Religion vs. religion • Religious wars in the Middle East • Religious wars in Ireland

  12. Jerusalem Fig. 6-14: The Old City of Jerusalem contains holy sites for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

  13. Boundary Changes in Palestine/Israel Fig. 6-15: The UN partition plan for Palestine in 1947 contrasted with the boundaries that were established after the 1948–49 War. Major changes later resulted from the 1967 War.

  14. Protestants in Northern Ireland Fig. 6-17: Percent Protestant population by district in Ireland, 1911. When Ireland became independent in 1937, 26 northern districts with large Protestant populations chose to remain part of the UK.

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