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Language Revision

Language Revision. Year 12 English. Parts of Speech and SYntax. Rearrange these boxes so each part of speech has the correct definition. Syntax- Sentence types. What types of sentences do you know of? Minor/Imperative Simple Compound Complex Compound-Complex Run-On Sentences

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Language Revision

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  1. Language Revision Year 12 English

  2. Parts of Speech and SYntax

  3. Rearrange these boxes so each part of speech has the correct definition

  4. Syntax- Sentence types • What types of sentences do you know of? • Minor/Imperative • Simple • Compound • Complex • Compound-Complex • Run-On Sentences • What are the definitions of these?

  5. Identify what types of sentences are used in this passage • (1) He recognised the large tomb. (2) No one could miss the large edifice. (3) Amy must have sobbed- although that was drowned in the wind. (4) Amy kneeled, cold and terrified, and in a frenzy of fear drove the sabre into the hard ground. (5) It was hard to do, but she beat it down into the hard earth with his fist, down to the hilt. (6) It was done! (7) The cemetery…the challenge…

  6. How else can sentences be classified? • Sentences can also be classified by their function instead of their structure. • What are some names of sentence types classified by their function? • Declarative • Interrogative • Exclamatory • Imperative • How would we define these? • What are some examples?

  7. Denotation vs. Connotation • Denotation: the explicit or direct meaning or set of meanings of a word or expression. The dictionary definition of a word. • Connotation: the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning (often emotional) • What are the connotations of this picture?

  8. Sound Techniques

  9. What is a sound technique? • How would you define a sound technique? • What are some examples of sound techniques? • Onomatopoeia • Sibilance • Alliteration • Assonance • Rhyme • What are their definitions? • What is their effect (usually)?

  10. Nature's first green is goldHer hardest hue to hold.Her early leaf's a flower;But only so an hour.Then leaf subsides to leaf.So Eden sank to grief,So dawn goes down to day.Nothing gold can stay. Identify the sound techniques in the following extract and describe the effects

  11. Imagery

  12. How do writers create imagery? • The main three techniques used to create imagery are: • Metaphor • Simile • Personification • Definitions and examples?

  13. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed.But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Identify the examples of imagery in this extract.

  14. Other figurative language

  15. More figurative language techniques • Techniques used to create imagery are not the only figurative language techniques. • What are some other features of figurative language that you know? • Allusion • Antithesis • Climax/Anticlimax • Pun • Paradox • Hyperbole • Oxymoron • Irony

  16. Using figurative language • Allusion: A brief reference to something. It can be real or fictitious; refer to a person, place or event or to another literary work/passage. Allusions rely on our knowledge of other things. • In Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream Speech he started by saying “Five score years ago...“ which is an allusion to the Gettysburg Address which began with “"Four score and seven years ago” • Antithesis: The balance of contrasting/opposing statements. • In the play Julius Caesar by Shakespeare, Brutus says: “"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more."

  17. Using Figurative Language Climax Anti Climax A disappointing or ridiculous end to a series of events. This may be intentional or unintentional. • The point of highest intensity, or major crisis in a work of literature. It is usually towards the end of the story. Good stories usually have a climax which the reader wonders who will triumph.

  18. Using figurative language • Paradox: A statement which seems contradictory but contains an important truth. Used to draw the readers attention to an important idea or concept. • In Julius Caesar by Shakespeare there is a line: “Cowards die many times before their deaths.” • Oxymoron: Two contradictory or paradoxical terms are put together to attract the reader’s attention. A very concise paradox. • “Why then, O brawling love! O loving hate!”

  19. Using Figurative Language Pun Innuendo An innuendo is an indirect intimation about a person or thing, especially of a disparaging or a derogatory nature. It can also be a remark or question, typically disparaging. • A play on words. This is achieved by using words which are identical or similar in sound, to bring out different meanings, or using a word that has several meanings for the purpose of highlighting this. • In Romeo and Juliet when Mercutio is dying he says “Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man.”

  20. Using figurative language • Hyperbole: A figure of speech in which emphasis is achieved by deliberate exaggeration. • The music was mind-blowing. He worshipped the ground she walked on. • Irony:The use of words that, when taken in context, are revealed to mean the opposite of what is being said. • E.g. In Julius Caesar Mark Antony refers to Brutus and the assassins of Caesar as “All honourable men”.

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