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COS Standard 1

COS Standard 1. Compare effects of economic, geographic, social and political conditions before and after European Exploration of the 15 th through 17 th centuries on Europeans, American colonists, Africans and indigenous Americans.

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COS Standard 1

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  1. COS Standard 1 Compare effects of economic, geographic, social and political conditions before and after European Exploration of the 15th through 17th centuries on Europeans, American colonists, Africans and indigenous Americans.

  2. Describing the influence of the Crusades, Renaissance and Reformation on European Exploration. Chapter 1-4, 1-5, 2-2

  3. Crusades • Pope Urban II • 1095 (lasted two centuries) • Regain the holy land • Brought western Europe in contact with Muslim and Byzantine civilizations. • Trade increases • Feudalism decreases • Begin to look for a new water route to China

  4. Renaissance • 1350-1600 • Rebirth • Intellectual revolution that produced great works of art and started a scientific revolution. • New inventions were developed to help explorers with long distance travel. • Astrolabe • Lateen sails • Caravel

  5. Famous People of The Renaissance • Leonardo da Vinci-Polymath • Mona Lisa, The Last Supper • William Shakespeare-Writer • Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet • Nicolaus Copernicus-Polymath • On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres • Michelangelo-Polymath • David, The Creation of Adam • Galileo Galilei-Scientist • Raphael-Artist • The School of Athens, Sistine Madonna • Michel de Montaigne-Humanist • Essays • Filippo Brunelleschi-Architect • Dome of The Cathedral of Florence • Petrarch-Humanist • On the Solitary Life • Lorenzo de’ Medici • Famous Patron

  6. Famous Works Michelangelo- The Creation of Adam Leonardo da Vinci- Mona Lisa/ The Last Supper • Raphael-The School of Athens, Sistine Madonna • Filippo Brunelleschi-Dome of The Cathedral of Florence

  7. Reformation • Martin Luther publishes attack on Catholic Church • 95 Theses: indulgences • John Calvin- Calvinism= develops Luther’s doctrine of justification by faith alone and emphasizes the grace of God and the doctrine of predestination • Ulrich Zwingli- base teachings on the Bible, taking scripture as the inspired word of God and placing its authority higher than what he say as human sources • Henry VIII of England- Anglican Church

  8. Portuguese Explorers • Henry the Navigator: set up a center for astronomical and geographical studies • Vasco de Gama: water route to Asia via Africa and across the Indian Ocean to India.

  9. Vikings-Norse • 1st Europeans to arrive in America • Permanent attempts to settle failed because Native Americans opposed them. • Leif Erickson-first Europeaner to discover North America

  10. Spanish Explorers • Christopher Columbus • Used Ptolemy’s map as a basic guide to sail • Took three trips to America, landed in Bahamas, Cuba, Hispanola

  11. Spanish Explorers continued • Amerigo Vespucci: America named after, repeated Columbus’s voyages, America is not Asia • Juan Ponce de Leon: discovered Florida • Vasco de Balboa: 1st European to reach Pacific coast of America. • Ferdinand Magellan: 1st to circumnavigate the globe

  12. Columbian Exchange • Changed the world’s ecosystems • Europeans learned local farming methods, new crops: corn, tobacco, potatoes; new inventions: canoe. • Native Americans learned how to plant wheat, oats, barley and how to raise livestock, and use metalworking. • Diseases spread.

  13. Columbian Exchange

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