Bellwork (8 minutes only)

1. Bellwork (8 minutes only) • What makes this compound microscope different from the dissection microscopes we’ve used? • Copy the labels onto your handout • Organize 3 ring binder (all in order) & review for test

2. New Seats

3. Before the test- Revisit the essential question for ecology Essential Question How do the interactions of living things and the environment affect our world? _______(old answer)__________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ NEW & IMPROVED ANSWER: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Ecology Unit Ecology Unit Binder Check Notes Labs Assignments Tests -What is Life Notetaker -Energy Flow Notes -Trophic Levels & Rule of 10 Notes -Biome Poster Notes/Research Notes -Aquatic Macroinvertebrates & Water Quality -Population Notes • Pull out the ecology Divider • +2pts each assignment present • Flip through notebook & score as Ms. D puts assignments on board • Circle score at top (24 pts possible). Pass forward. -Cricket Mark & Recapture Lab -Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Lab -Jackrabbits & Coyotes Lab -Critter Outline -Overpopulation Article -What Is Life Quiz

5. Microscope Care & SAFETY • Take only from appropriate cabinet • Always carry with 2 hands (base & arm) • ONLY use lens paper to clean • Do NOT force knobs • Keep away from table edge & keep objects clear of cords • Store covered & w/ stage down aka “put it in park”

6. How to Focus • Place slide on Microscope • Use Stage Clips • Click Nosepiece to the lowest (shortest) objective • Look into Eyepiece • Turn Coarse Adjustment (big knob) to focus; move slide if nessary • Click to medium objective • Use Coarse & Fine Adjustments (big & little knobs) to focus

7. Using High Power 8. Click the nosepiece to the high power (longest) objective 9. Do NOTuse the Coarse Focus Knob anymore 10. Use ONLY the Fine Focus Knob (little knob) to focus on high power What can you find on your slide?

8. After you finish the test, head to your NEW lab table and practice focusing on the slides!

9. Bellwork • How can you tell the difference between low, medium, & high power objectives? • Summarize the steps to focusing a microscope in 3-4 sentences (look @ your microscope notes for assistance) • How do you put a microscope into PARK? • What safety rule do you need to remember when using HIGH power? **When finished, study your microscope parts diagram, short scratch paper quiz today!

10. Microscope Quiz For 1-5, name the part being pointed to in the picture 6. Which power objective must you focus in FIRST? 7. What is the ONLY knob you should use when focusing on high power? 8. To put the microscope in park @ the end, you must cover it and put the stage all the way __________.

11. 5 objectives 4 coarse focus knob stage clips 1 2 3 fine focus knob light source

12. 6. Which power objective must you focus in FIRST? LOW 7. What is the ONLY knob you should use when focusing on high power? FINE FOCUS 8. To put the microscope in park @ the end, you must cover it and put the stage all the way DOWN

13. New Unit- New Divider Cells Unit Essential Question Why are cells called the “basic unit of life”? Notes Labs Assignments Tests -Microscope Notes ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. What makes a good microscope drawing?- on back of microscope notes • Title (what is it, what power lens) • Size (petri dish) • Detail (Slow down! Count! Again!) • Observations (complete sentences) • Labels (use ID guides & vocab) U of A pond water, high power • Observations • The algae is light green inside • The cells are all about the same size rectangles • There are 16 strands of algae in view Green algae Rhizoclonium Plant cell (Eukaryote)

15. Microscope Intro Lab (lab book) Question: What do cells look like under a microscope? Hypothesis: If…then…as measured by…. Procedures: 1. On HIGH power, draw 2+ QUALITY microscope drawings. Data (drawings):

16. Score One of Your drawings (10 pts possible) Title- 2pts (must describe sample AND power) Size- 1pt (at least as big as a medium petri dish) Detail- 3pts (3=very detailed, 2=some detail, 1=scribbles) Observations- 3pts (3=two+ observations in complete sentences; 2=two+ observations, but incomplete sentences; 1=only on observation) Labels- (1pt) at least one label on the drawing

17. Announcements • Turn in critter project Put new assignment & rubric on LEFT side pocket (new assignment side) The saw-toothed slitherfish has several adaptations that help it survive in a Coral Reef. It’s dagger-like teeth are its best hunting weapon, because they allow it to puncture the Name p.__ RUBRIC Habitat Card & Graded Critter Assignments New Critter Assignment

18. Closure • On a scale of 1 (best) to 3 (worst), where do you rate your ability to focus on high power? • Explain why you gave yourself that rating. • Answer the question below based on your rating: • If you gave yourself a 1 what specific things can you do next class period to be a leader and assist students who need more help? • If you gave yourself a 2 or a 3, what specific things will you try doing next class period to gain confidence and practice?

19. Bellwork Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Lab Background Info: Prokaryote = bacteria cells Eukaryote = plant & animal cells Question: What differences can you see between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells under the microscope? Look back at yesterday’s hypothesis did the cells you saw yesterday look like what you expected them to? Explain. What is required for a microscope drawing? (list ALL parts) Set up your lab notebook for today like picture on the right

20. Anouncements- score & pass up BW • Science Fair Proposal • Approved: You earned half of your points. Staple a lined piece of paper to back addressing ALL comments to earn the rest. • Not approved: You earned 0 pts and must staple lined sheet of paper with new proposal to earn any points back. DUE MONDAY! • In computer lab ROOM 38 (DIFFERENT!) next Tuesday to do experimental design in rough draft packet

21. Announcements • Turn in critter project (Bio 1-2 turn in today) • Pre-AP- attach late pass to turn in today Put new assignment & rubric on LEFT side pocket (new assignment side) The saw-toothed slitherfish has several adaptations that help it survive in a Coral Reef. It’s dagger-like teeth are its best hunting weapon, because they allow it to puncture the Name p.__ RUBRIC Habitat Card & Graded Critter Assignments New Critter Assignment

22. Cells come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes Stained MAMMAL TISSUE slides typically show the nucleus as a small, dark spot did you see these yesterday?

23. Prokaryote vs Eukaryote LabBackgrOund Info: • Prokaryote= bacteria cells • Eukaryote= plant & animal cells

24. Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Lab Question: What differences can you see between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under the microscope? Hypothesis: If Then As Measured By Make a prediction about size, shape, or other characteristic you can SEE

25. Procedures • View prepared slide of prokaryotes (1 HIGH POWER drawing of CELLS required) • Prepare wet mount of pond water & view eukaryotic cells (1 HIGH POWER drawing of CELLS required) -Label slide w/ masking tape -Put 1-2 drops pond water on clean slide -Put cover slip on top

26. Procedures 3. Clean-up -Rinse slides & cover slips @ BOTTOM of sink (in case you drop) -GENTLY dry slides w/ paper towel -Sanitize table & dry -Wash hands

27. Jobs Roles- PArtners • Microscope Expert • Takes microscope ½ sheet • ONLY fine focus knob used on high power • Keeps microscope away from edge • Slides Safety Expert • Makes sure everyone is being PAYING ATTENTION while preparing & cleaning slides • Makes sure slides are labeled • Alerts Ms. D immediately of any breaks

28. Partial Conclusion: 3-4 sentences What did you learn about prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? Explain.

29. Partial Conclusion: 3-4 sentences Summarize your hypothesis and say whether it was supported or rejected? What observations supported or rejected your hypothesis? (give details) What did you learn about prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? Explain.

30. Bellwork Sketch a prokaryotic cell & a eukaryotic cell. What were the major differences you saw between the two cell types? Finish your 3-4 sentence conclusion for yesterday’s lab- IN YOUR NOTEBOOK: -Was your hypothesis supported or refuted? -What observations supported or refuted your hypothesis (explain) -What did you learn about prokaryotes & eukaryotes?

31. Cells are divided into 2 major categories based on how the DNA is stored: • Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes Remember DNA? It’s what codes for your GENES and makes you who you are!

32. Prokaryotes(pro= “BEFORE”; Karyon = “Nucleus”) • NO nucleus to store DNA, it floats coiled in the middle of the cell • Very small and simple structure • Example: Bacteria Draw and label the DNA on your diagram DNA

33. Eukaryotes(Eu = “true” ; Karyon = “nucleus”) • DNA stored in nucleus surrounded by a protective membrane • Larger size, complex structure • Examples: plants and animals Draw and label the DNA on your diagram DNA

34. Cell size visualization http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale/

35. What are the most important organs in your body? What is the function of each one? Talk to your partner & be ready to share

36. Organelles • Organelles are structures that work like miniature organs within the cell to perform specific functions (jobs). ONLY found in eukaryotes.

37. 1. Nucleus • Contains the genetic material (DNA/genes) • Surrounded & protected by a nuclear membrane • Directs all the activities of the cell. • Analogy = the “brain” or “jefe” of the cell.

38. Label the Nucleus & nuclear Membrane on your eukaryote Do prokaryotes have a nucleus? NO!!!! NUCLEAR MEMBRANE NUCLEUS

39. 2. Mitochondria • Convert sugars into ATP energy (ATP is the chemical used to power the cell) • They have their own DNA! They probably came from a eukaryote engulfing a PROKARYOTE! • Analogy = “Powerhouse of the cell”

40. DRAW & Label A Mitochondrion in your EUKARYOTE MITOCHONDRIA

41. Other Cell Parts (Not Organelles)

42. 3. Cytoplasm • A gel-like substance that fills the cell (mostly made of water) • Materials in the cell are suspended in the cytoplasm • Analogy = “the glue that holds everything in place”

43. Label the Cytoplasm on your proKARYOTE& eukaryote Cytoplasm Cytoplasm

44. 4. Cell Membrane • Separates & protects the cell from the outside environment • It is SEMI-PERMEABLE (let’s some things in, keeps other things out) • Analogy = “It’s the bouncer of the cell”

45. Label the Cell Membrane on your proKARYOTE& eukaryote Cell Membrane Cell Membrane

46. 5. Cell Wall • A tough, rigid, outer cell layer (outside the cell membrane) • Provides extra strength; helps cells keep their shape • Found in plants & bacteria, NOT in animal cells • Analogy = “Spanx of the cell- keeps the shape”

47. Label the cell WALL on your proKARYOTE Cell Wall (outer most layer) If we’re not labeling a cell wall on our eukaryote…does that make it a plant or animal cell? ANIMAL!!!!

48. What other Cell parts & Organelles are there? • Use the textbook Chp. 3.1-3.3 to fill out your cell parts worksheet

49. Closure- On notetaker • Make a Venn Diagram for Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes and decide where in the Venn Diagram to write each of the following terms: Nucleus Cell Wall Cell Membrane Mitochondria Cytoplasm Animal Bacteria Plants Organelles Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

50. Bellwork What is 1 major difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? Look at your notes from yesterday- what 2 ORGANELLES did you learn about? What was the analogy for each one? Which organelle would you expect a cell to have only ONE? Which organelle would there be many of in the same cell? Title the next page in your notebook “Eukaryotic Cells Lab: Plant vs Animal” Copy the Question: “If plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic, how do they compare under the microscope?” Write an If…then…as measured by…. Hypothesis. Be ready to share!