Surrealism

1. Surrealism presented by White Group

2. Starting of Surrealism In 1917, Guillaume Apollinaire coined the term "surrealism" in the program notes describing the ballet Parade which was a collaborative work by Jean Cocteau, Erik Satie, Pablo Picasso and Léonide Massine: Surrealism began primarily as a literary movement based on radical ideas gaining momentum in the 1920s. Naturally, where words flow, images swim congruently, and it is perhaps for the many paintings and 'graphic works' associated with the movement that Surrealism has received much of its notoriety. However, judge the basis of Surrealism not by what has been and yet remains to be written about the movement, but by what has been done and yet remains to be accomplished using the mechanisms inherent in the Vice of Surrealism.

3. The Surrealist movement mainly originated in the Dada movement. While the movement's most important center was Paris, it spread throughout Europe and to North America, Japan and the Caribbean during the course of the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, by the 1960s to Africa, South America and much of Asia and by the 1980s to Australia. There have even been some manifestations of surrealism in Russia and China. Some historians mark the end of the movement at World War II, some with the death of André Breton, some with the death of Salvador Dalí, while others believe that Surrealism continues as an identifiable movement. The Surrealists developed techniques such as automatic drawing (developed by André Masson), automatic painting, decalcomania, Frottage, fumage, grattage and parsemage that became significant parts of Surrealist practice. (Automatism was later adapted to the computer.) Games such as the exquisite corpse also assumed a great importance in Surrealism.

4. Founder of Surrealism André Breton was born in Tinchebray (Orne) the son of a shopkeeper. He spent his childhood on the Brittany coast and started early on to write poems . Breton joined first in 1916 the Dadaist group, but after various quarrels continued his march forward: "Leave everything. Leave Dada. Leave your wife. Leave your mistress. Leave your hopes and fears. Leave your children in the woods. Leave the substance for the shadow. Leave your easy life, leave what you are given for the future. Set off on the road." He turned then to Surrealism . His MANIFESTE DU SURRÉALISME was published in 1924. Influenced by psychological theories, Breton defined Surrealism as "pure psychic automatism, by which an attempt is made to express, either verbally, in writing or in any other manner, the true functioning of thought. André Breton died in Paris on September 28, 1966.

5. Surrealism in Visual Arts In general usage, the term Surrealism is more often considered a movement in visual arts than the original cultural and philosophical movement. The roots of Surrealism in the visual arts run to both Dada and Cubism, as well as the abstraction of Wassily Kandinsky and Expressionism, as well as Post-Impressionism. However, it was not the particulars of technique which marked the Surrealist movement in the visual arts, but the creation of objects from the imagination, from automatism, or from a number of Surrealist techniques. Dalí and Magritte created the most widely recognized images of the movement. Dalí joined the group in 1929, and participated in the rapid establishment of the visual style between 1930 and 1935. Surrealism as a visual movement had found a method: to expose psychological truth by stripping ordinary objects of their normal significance, in order to create a compelling image that was beyond ordinary formal organization, in order to evoke empathy from the viewer.

6. Jean Arp Marcel Duchamp Man Ray Giorgio de Chirico  Alberto Giacometti Joan Miro  Max Ernst Paul Delvaux  Salvador Dali Some Famous Surrealists and their artwork . Rene Magritte 

7. Some Pictures ...

8. QUIZ TIME !! Now Fariz Ramlan and Matthew Lee , the Quiz and Prize masters will come and give a short quiz to you all . If you have been paying attention , you should be able to do it and you can even win fabulous prizes !!! So try your best ! QUIZ TIME !!

9. Surrealism How much do YOU know?

10. Tracing the History of Art Proudly Brought to You By: FARIZ RAMLAN & MATTHEW LEE Secondary 2A2 ACS Barker Road

11. Question 1 WHEN did Surrealism as a literary and art movement begin? • 1900 • 1924 • 1945 • 1965

12. Answer (B) 1924

13. Question 2 WHERE did Surrealism begin? • Paris • America • Africa • China

14. Answer (A) Paris

15. Question 3 WHO founded Surrealism? • Salvador Dali • Tristan Tzara • Pablo Picasso • Andre Breton

16. Answer Andre Breton

17. Question 4 Surrealism was the successor of a movement called? • Cubism • Realism • Dadaist • Pop Art

18. Answer (C) Dadaist

19. Question 5 Surrealism was based on the psychoanalytic theories of _____ and ______?

20. Answer Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

21. Question 6 Surrealism became popular in the 1920s & 1930s with the help of internationally renowned painter, __________ .

22. Answer Salvador Dali (1904-1986) was the celebrity of the Surrealist movement. He was originally from Spain, and led an unusual and somewhat surreal life. His life sometimes preceded his art. He will always be known for his trademark moustache, arrogant behaviour and illusionist imagery.

23. Question 7 Do you know the title of this painting done by Salvador Dali?

24. Answer Geopoliticus Child Watching the Birth of a New Man (1943) by Salvador Dalí

25. Question 8 Two Distinct Groups Emerged … What were they?

26. Answer (1) Automatism When psychology talked about Automatism, these artists interpreted it as referring to a suppression of consciousness in favour of the subconscious. This group, being more focused on feeling and less analytical, understood Automatism to be the automatic way in which the images of the subconscious reach the conscience. They believed these images should not be burdened with "meaning."

27. Answer (2) Veristic Surrealism This group, on the other hand, interpreted Automatism to mean allowing the images of the subconscious to surface undisturbed so that their meaning could then be deciphered through analysis. They wanted to faithfully represent these images as a link between the abstract spiritual realities, and the real forms of the material world. To them, the object stood as a metaphor for an inner reality. Through metaphor the concrete world could be understood, not by looking at the objects, but by looking into them.

28. Automatism SurrealismAutomatists believed abstractionism was the only way to bring to life the images of the subconscious.

29. Veristic Surrealism Veristic Surrealists hoped to find a way to follow the images of the subconscious until the conscience could understand their meaning. The language of the subconscious is the image, and the consciousness had to learn .

30. Two Masters, Two Opposing Approaches to Art Every profession has its own history in which the accumulation of knowledge is the basis to push the frontiers into the unknown. Dali and Picasso were two masters who stand at the vanguard of two opposite approaches to art in the 20th Century: To use that accumulated knowledge and build upon it, or to discard it.

31. The DALI Camp . . . Dali embraced the science of painting as a way to study the psyche through subconscious images. He called this process the Paranoiac Critical Method. As any paranoiac, the artist should allow these images to reach the conscience, and then do what the paranoiac cannot do: Freeze them on canvas to give consciousness the opportunity to comprehend their meaning. Later on, he expanded the process into the Oniric-Critical Method, in which the artist pays attention to his dreams, freezing them through art, and analyzing them as well. As Freud said, "A dream that is not interpreted is like a letter that is not opened."

32. Question 9 That makes SALVADOR DALI a/an ____________ Surrealist?

33. Answer Salvador Dali was a Veristic Surrealist.

34. The PICASSO Camp . . . Picasso took the opposite approach to art. He inherited the gusto for ugliness, scandal and chaos of the Dada movement. Picasso rejected the craft to become "primitive," deciding that the ingenuity of childhood is the basis of art. To him this meant that the less the artist is preoccupied with his craft the better his art.

35. Question 10 That makes PICASSO a/an ____________ Surrealist?

36. Answer Picasso was an Automatist.

37. The Struggle of . . . SURREALISM For the automatists the approach to the mystery of Nature is to never become conscious of the mystery, for the surrealists it is to learn from it. The Picasso Camp won the "faith" of society. The Dali camp would have to secure a dialog with the public to be able to show the individual the "surrealist way of life" or the "path of individuation" as Jung called it.

38. Thank you for your time and attention . Group Members : --------------------------------------- Job 1)Daniel Lim ------------ Slide Maker , Overall Coordinator , Presenter , Researcher 2)Fariz Ramlan -------- Prize Master , Quiz Maker , Researcher 3)Darren Lee ----------- Researcher , Noise Controller 4)Nicholas Ng ---------- Researcher 5)Zondrix Dass -------- Researcher 6)Marc Chia ------------ Researcher 7)Muhd Firdaus ------- Researcher , Behavior Controller 8) Matthew Lee ------- Quiz Master 2 , Researcher THE END !!! Please Click for Report ------