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Keeping Buildings Clean

Keeping Buildings Clean. Building-in Control of Contaminants to Attain and Maintain IAQ Acceptability. H. E. Barney Burroughs 770 594 1877 heburroughs@mindspring.com. What Makes the IAQDG So Special?. Long Overdue with Advanced Tactics Standard 62=Minimum Code Focus on Ventilation

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Keeping Buildings Clean

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  1. Keeping Buildings Clean Building-in Control of Contaminants to Attain and Maintain IAQ Acceptability H. E. Barney Burroughs 770 594 1877 heburroughs@mindspring.com

  2. What Makes the IAQDG So Special? • Long Overdue with Advanced Tactics • Standard 62=Minimum Code • Focus on Ventilation • The Sponsorships with ASHRAE as Lead • EPA, ACCA, AIA, SMACNA, BOMA, GBC • The Scope • Holistic • Integrated Design • Moisture, microbial, envelope, pressure, filtration, hvac, ventilation, contaminants, humidity, commissioning, maintenance • The Team • Region IV consulting eng participants=humidity awareness • Experts from each of the above fields =VALUE ($29 till Jan 1 ‘11)

  3. CONTAMINANT CONTROL STRATEGIES • Source Control • Elimination/isolation • Ventilation • Dilution • Filtration and Air Cleaning • Extraction

  4. OUTDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS • Outdoor Air Pollutants • Particulates • VOCs • CO • Ozone • SOx • Moisture • Soil Gas • Cross Contaminates • Exhaust • Neighboring sources

  5. Pathways of Contaminant Introduction • Ventilation—Pumping • Walk-in—Carrying • Infiltration--Leaking

  6. WHY OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY IS CRITICAL

  7. COMPLICATIONS OF TYPICAL OUTDOOR AIR AT SITE OR LOCALE • Urban Traffic • Busy Airport • Non-compliant NAAQS • Elevated Ozone • Soil Out Gassing • High Pollen Counts • High Temperature and Humidity • Adjacent sources

  8. Urban Traffic

  9. Busy Airport

  10. Ozone and Smaze

  11. Prior Steel Mill Site

  12. Radon

  13. Spring Pollen

  14. INDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS: OCCUPANT RELATED • Occupants • Body chemistry, personal hygiene, shedding • Occupant Activities • Recreation, art, science • Career Aids and Devices • Computers, printing • Purposeful Activities • Cleaning, cooking, insect control, redecorating

  15. INDOOR SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS:BUILDING--RELATED • Building Materials • Manufactured Lumber • Ceiling Tile (secondary source) • Floor and Wall Coverings (secondary source) • Finishes and Coatings • IT Equipment and Related • Desks, Furnishings, Fixtures

  16. SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIES • Control intrusion of radon and soil gases • Soil depressurization • Provide effective track off systems • Avoid walk-in contaminants and moisture • Minimize IAQ impact of cleaning • Selection of low maintenance surfaces • Provide local capture and point-source exhaust of contaminants • Locate outdoor intake • Avoid exhaust cross-over

  17. SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIES-more • Control emissions through material and component selection • Employ pre-installation venting and airing out of components • Employ initial flush out of building

  18. SOURCE CONTROL STRATEGIES:COMPONENT SELECTION • Review MSDS for chemical content • Review component out-gassing test and rate data • Identify Contaminants of Concern (CoC) • Select Cognizant Authority to determine exposure limit(s) of acceptability

  19. MATERIAL SELECTION APPLIED

  20. FILTRATION AND AIR CLEANING (FAC):Using FAC for IAQ Enhancement • Improving Polluted Outdoor Air • Ozone and acid gas control • PM2.5 • Keeping Building Surfaces Cleaner • HVAC distribution • Reduction of COC • Viable/pathogenic particles • Treating of Troublesome Exhaust • Augmenting Ventilation using the IAQ P

  21. FAC AT WORK

  22. Archives-Content Protection

  23. CONFERENCE CENTER/HOTELOdor Control

  24. GETTING TO KNOW “MERV” • Minimum Efficiency after Conditioning • Specific size fractions • Over the entire loading curve • Provides easy selection from Composite Curve=MERV • MERV=Efficiency only • Life cycle • Space • Pressure drop/energy

  25. TYPICAL COMPOSITE CURVE *Permission granted by ASHRAE, Standard 52.2-2007, Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size

  26. GETTING TO KNOW AIR CLEANING • Sorption is chemical specific and sorbent specific and it depends….. • Concentration and dwell time prevail • Life cycle is variable and unpredictable • ASHRAE Standard 145.1 published and 145.2 in publication

  27. GETTING THE MOST OUT OF YOUR FILTER SELECTION—A BALANCING ACT • Look at. . . • Footprint • Pressure drop • Gasketing and seal • Filter bank location • Filter bank sizing • Life cycle costing • Pre-filtration

  28. EMPLOYING FAC WITH THE IAQ PROCEDURE • FAC augments/replaces ventilation • Acceptable in Standard 62 since 1981 • Requires more engineering rigor and evaluation • Requires variance from most code authorities • Enables energy reduction and operational savings

  29. WHEN BEST TO CONSIDER THE IAQ PROCEDURE • Outdoor air is unreliable • High internal contaminant load requires excessive ventilation • CoC are known and measurable • People load is dense and diverse • Outdoor air has high humidity and temperature extremes • Enhanced FAC already employed

  30. APPLYING THE IAQP$12,000/yr

  31. Sports Arena/$1,256,000/yr

  32. HIGH-RISE ATRIUM HOTEL $105,000/yr

  33. LOW-RISE ATRIUM HOTEL $10,000/yr

  34. OFFICE TOWER/$9600/yr

  35. SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS for FAC • Consider Contamination Control Throughout • Apply Source Control Tactics first • Apply Ventilation with Knowledge • Employ Enhanced FAC Efficiency • Never Apply FAC without Seal • Consider FAC Life Cycle Cost • With enhanced FAC is used, consider the IAQP

  36. SUMMARY OF IAQDG • Thorough coverage of influencing factors • Holistic approach to design and prevention • Practical “how to” on prevention tactics • Use of case studies as illustrative teaching • Focus on sustainability, energy, and life-cycle cost • Great overall value and cost (remember $29)

  37. The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It Recognizes……… • IAQ is contaminant control—not just ventilation • Source control first • Ventilation + filtration and air cleaning • Good air quality sets the standard for quality control throughout the construction paradigm • Commissioning required throughout the process

  38. The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It Recognizes……… • Fixing the cause—not the effect • Mold/effect=moisture management/the cause • Site, envelope, and outdoor air to pressure barriers and humidity control • Existing technologies and products applied properly =better IAQ and sustainability • Pressurization and balancing • Equipment selection • Commissioning • Filtration and air cleaning

  39. The IAQ Design Guide is a Winner Because It Recognizes……… • Good air quality is a design process, not a single metric or measurement • Good IAQ can be sustained in balance with energy conservation • Source control rather than ventilation • Positive pressure means less infiltration and uncontrolled energy loss • Filtration through IAQ Procedure • Superior building performance yields energy efficiency

  40. CONTACT H. E. Barney Burroughs Building Wellness Consultancy, Inc. 225 Mt. Ranier Way, Alpharetta, GA 30022 heburroughs@mindspring.com 770 594 1877

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