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SKELETAL SYSTEM The Functions of Skeletal System Protect Act as Levers

SKELETAL SYSTEM The Functions of Skeletal System Protect Act as Levers Serve as Attachments for muscles. The Skeletal System Continued There are 206 bones in the human body. Examples of bones are: Skull – Head Jaw Bone – Mandible Clavicle – Collar Bone

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SKELETAL SYSTEM The Functions of Skeletal System Protect Act as Levers

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  1. SKELETAL SYSTEM The Functions of Skeletal System • Protect • Act as Levers • Serve as Attachments for muscles

  2. The Skeletal System Continued • There are 206 bones in the human body. • Examples of bones are: • Skull – Head • Jaw Bone – Mandible • Clavicle – Collar Bone • Scapula – Shoulder Blade • Humerus – Upper Arm • Radius/Ulna – Lower Arm • Carpals – Wrist

  3. Bones of the Skeletal System Continued: • Sternum – Breast Bone • Ribs (24?) • Vertebrae – Spinal Cord • Ilium – Hip Bone • Femur – Thigh Bone • Patella – Knee Cap • Tibia – Shin Bone • Fibula • Tarsals – Ankle/Foot

  4. I found the femur

  5. Facts Concerning the Skeletal System • Inside the bone there is a hallow space filled with a sponge like substance know as Marrow where Red Blood Cells are produced. • Bursa Sacs are located around the joints of the body and secrete Synovia Fluid which Lubricates the movements of the bones. • Ligaments serve as connecting tissue holding bones together. • Tendons hold muscles to bones. • Cartilage

  6. Joints of the Human Body • Ball and Socket • Pivot • Hinge • Gliding • Fused

  7. Problems Concerning the Skeletal System • Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa Sacs. • Arthritis: Inflammation of the Joints.

  8. NERO-MUSCULAR SYSTEM • The functions of muscles: • Provides force on the bones • Acts as a auxiliary pump for the Heart • Overcomes the forces of gravity • The “All or None Law” of muscle physiology: If the stimulus reaches Threshold response (no matter how Strong or weak) then the whole muscle will contract and if it doesn’t then none of the muscle will contract.

  9. Examples of Muscles • Frontalis • Temporalis • Pectoralis Major • Deltoid • Biceps Brachi • Triceps • Rectus Abdominis • Rectus Femoris • Tibialis Anterior

  10. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM • Heart Beat • Respiration • Digestion

  11. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM • The Central Nervous System is made up of the brain and spinal cord. • Sensory Nerves take messages to the brain. • Motor Nerves take messages away from the brain. • Association Nerve Cells are specialized nerve cells which intercept and direct a reflex motor response in order to protect the body.

  12. The Parts of the Brain • Cerebrum contains centers for memory, intelligence, emotions, speech, hearing, and vision. • Cerebellum contains centers that controls muscle movement. • Mid-Brain and pons serve primarily as connecting stations for the brain. • Medulla Oblongata contains centers for heart beat and respiration.

  13. Human Brain

  14. The Nerve Cell Function • Axon takes message from one nerve to another. • Dendrites receives the messages from an axon from another cell. • Nota Bene: The axon and dendrite do not touch there is a gap between them. this gap is a bridged by a synapse facilitated by a chemical known as Acetyicholine which is active in the transmission of nerve impulses.

  15. The Nerve Cell

  16. DISORDERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM • EPILEPSY: Grand and Petite Mild believed to be caused by pressure on the brain. Stroke or Apoplexy: Oxygen is cut off to the brain. Brain damage may result as well as loss of certain voluntary muscle functions. Julius Caesar Dwight D. Eisenhower Woodrow Wilson

  17. Dr. Jonas Salk Polio Myelitis: A Virus which caused Nerve cell damage. Two doctors Invented vaccines to immunize people from Polio Dr. Salk via injection and Dr. Sabin developed an oral vaccine. Franklin D. Roosevelt Dr. Albert Sabin

  18. Multiple Sclerosis A disease marked by patches of hardened tissue in the brain or spinal cord resulting in partial or complete paralysis and muscular twitching. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) A degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that often impairs the suffers motor skills, speech, and functions i.e. muscle rigidity, tremor, slowing of and/or loss of physical movement. Michael J. Fox Janet W. Reno

  19. Lou Gehrig’s Disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) A progressive neuromuscular disease that weakens and destroys motor neurons that connect the brain with the skeletal muscles. Patients become paralyzed and often require ventilation. Loss of respiratory function is ultimately the cause of death.

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