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Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity

Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity. Steven N. Austad, PhD University of Alabama at Birmingham. News flash! Women live longer than men. Human mortality database. G orilla and gibbon females live longer than males too. Allman, et al. (1998) PNAS. Male Life Expectancy: 12 years

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Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity

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  1. Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity Steven N. Austad, PhD University of Alabama at Birmingham

  2. News flash! Women live longer than men Human mortality database Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  3. Gorilla and gibbon females live longer than males too Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Allman, et al. (1998) PNAS

  4. Male Life Expectancy: 12 years Female Life Expectancy: 23 years Some female longevity bias is extreme (Short-finned pilot whale) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Kasuya & Marsh, 1984

  5. There are extreme male longevity biases too(Brandt’s bat) 1544 bats of both sexes banded (1960 – 1964) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Podlutsky, et al. (2005) J. Gerontol.

  6. And some species are highly variable(Laboratory mouse) C57BL/6 Austad (2011) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  7. Why investigate sex differences in the biology of longevity?? • To discover hitherto unknown features of sex-specific biology • To refine our knowledge about the biological aging processes generally Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  8. General questions about sex differences:Why? How? WHY?? • Heterogametic sex hypothesis • Parental Care Hypothesis • Sexual selection hypothesis • Extrinsic hazards hypothesis Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  9. General questions about sex differences How?? • X-inactivation • Y-chromosome gene activity • Investigate them in a range of species Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  10. Y chromosomes have different genes in different species Cortez, et al. (2014) Nature Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  11. (Human) Y chromosome • 568 genes • 71 with “protein coding potential” • 27 unique protein coding genes • 109 lnc or snc RNA’s • 388 pseudogenes Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Maan, et al. Europ. J. Hum. Genetics (2017)

  12. Where are y-chromosome genes expressed? Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Maan, et al. Europ. J. Hum. Genetics (2017)

  13. Thanks. QUESTIONS??? Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

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