Lawrie Hunter Kochi University of Technology core.kochi-tech.ac.jp/hunter/

1. Separating info from rhetoricIt is very beneficial for both student and teacher to separatekey information fromrhetoric (argument, persuasion, moves)frombackground information Lawrie Hunter Kochi University of Technology http://www.core.kochi-tech.ac.jp/hunter/ lawrie_hunter@kochi-tech.ac.jp

2. Salmon face extinction, report says The Daily Yomiuri 99.6.11 Salmon could become extinct by the middle of the next century due to rising seawater temperatures as a result of global warming, the World Wide Fund for Nature said in a report published on Tuesday. The report said hauls of red salmon in Alaska sharply decreased in 1997 and 1998 when seawater temperatures were above average. Japanese and Canadian specialists discovered that salmon suffer from malnutrition or starve to death in warm water. This is because their metabolic rate increases and they need to take in far more calories to survive when the water is warm. The ideal water temperature for salmon is from 7 C to 15 C. The report said that if water temperatures continue to rise at the current pace, habitats suitable for red salmon will mostly disappear by the middle of the 21st century. Other kinds of salmon vulnerable to warmer water might also decrease. Therefore, to survive , salmon either have to live at greater depths in the sea or migrate to cooler northern seas that are farther from their spawning rivers. However, both these alternatives have problems. According to recent research, salmon spend 70 percent of their lives in waters less than 10 meters deep. It is difficult for them to live at greater depths. As for the second option, if the salmon move to northern waters, they will have to consume their eggs and body fat to get enough energy to reach their spawning rivers.

3. Marking the structure signal words/phrases Salmon could become extinct by the middle of the next century due to rising seawater temperatures as a result of global warming, the World Wide Fund for Nature said in a report published on Tuesday. The report said hauls of red salmon in Alaska sharply decreased in 1997 and 1998 when seawater temperatures were above average. Japanese and Canadian specialists discovered that salmon suffer from malnutrition or starve to death in warm water. This is because their metabolic rate increases and they need to take in far more calories to survive when the water is warm. The ideal water temperature for salmon is from 7 C to 15 C. The report said that if water temperatures continue to rise at the current pace, habitats suitable for red salmon will mostly disappear by the middle of the 21st century. Other kinds of salmon vulnerable to warmer water might also decrease. Therefore, to survive , salmon either have to live at greater depths in the sea or migrate to cooler northern seas that are farther from their spawning rivers. However, both these alternatives have problems. According to recent research, salmon spend 70 percent of their lives in waters less than 10 meters deep. It is difficult for them to live at greater depths. As for the second option, if the salmon move to northern waters, they will have to consume their eggs and body fat to get enough energy to reach their spawning rivers.