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End of the War

End of the War. Recall. The US declared war on Germany on April 6 th , 1917 American troops joined the French and British in the summer of 1917 – they were fresh and not war-weary. Victory.

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End of the War

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  1. End of the War

  2. Recall • The US declared war on Germany on April 6th, 1917 • American troops joined the French and British in the summer of 1917 – they were fresh and not war-weary

  3. Victory • German commander, Ludendorff, had won decisive victories over Russia in 1917 that led to the Russian withdrawal from the war • In 1918, Ludendorff said that if Germany won, the allies had to be defeated before American troops arrived • Although his offensive was initially successful, the allies held ground and eventually pushed the Germans back Ludendorff

  4. What’s Going On, Germany? • By 1918, there were strikes and demonstrations in Berlin and other cities protesting about the effects of the war on the population • British naval blockade of German ports meant that thousands of people were starving • Socialists (who wanted industries controlled by government instead of individuals) were waiting for the chance to seize Germany, as they had in Russia

  5. The end is near… • October 1918: Ludendorff resigned; German navy revolted • Nov. 9, 1918: Kaiser Wilhelm II resigned

  6. What now? • With Germany falling apart, the leaders of both sides held a meeting on Nov. 11th, 1918 • Armistice was signed at 6am and came into effect 5 hours later • The war was over!

  7. WWI Statistics

  8. Poll Everywhere Questions • Text answers!!

  9. Treaty of Versailles • WWI ended at 11am on Nov. 11th, 1918 • Remembrance Day • Big Four met to discuss how Germany was to pay for the damage caused by WWI • Lloyd George of England • Orlando of Italy • Clemenceau of France • Woodrow Wilson of the US

  10. Wilson’s 14 Points • Open Diplomacy – no secret treaties between powers • Freedom of Navigation – seas should be free in both peace and war • Free trade – barriers between countries should be removed • Multilateral Disarmament – all countries reduce armed forces • Colonies – people in European colonies should have a say in their future • Russia – operate whatever government it wants • Belgium – should be evacuated and restored to the situation before the war

  11. Wilson’s 14 Points (cont…) • France – should have Alsace-Lorraine and any lands taken away during the war restored • Italy – border should be readjusted according to nationality • National Self-Determination – national groups in Europe should be given independence • Romania, Montenegro and Serbia – evacuated, Serbia should have outlet to sea • Turkey – should have a say in their future • Poland – should be independent with an outlet to the sea • League of Nations – assembly of all nations should be formed to protect world peace in the future

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