Community Empowerment and Social Inclusion (CESI) Program and Urban and City Management (U&CM) Program

1. From Training Delivery to a Learning Infrastructure Alumni Tracer Study Barjor Mehta Urban & City Management Program, WBIFP Community Empowerment and Social Inclusion (CESI) Program and Urban and City Management (U&CM) Program

2. The Urban Future • Number of client institutions (urban local governments) is very large and growing rapidly • Most urban local governments have serious lack of appropriate capacity to “manage” physically large, economically diverse, socially segregated jurisdictions which are “engines of macro-economic growth” • To have any meaningful impact, WBI “Courses / Training” need to be buttressed by a locally-rooted “learning infrastructure”

3. Source: World Urbanization Prospects, 2001 Revision, Population Division, United Nations Secretariat Number of Large Cities in Less Developed Regions Regions as per UN Classification 582 in ‘00 826 in 2015

4. Source: World Urbanization Prospects, 2001 Revision, United Nations Secretariat, Population Division

5. WBI: Urban Program • Since 1999: more than 60 courses reaching over 2,700 senior urban sector professionals across the world

6. Urban “Core” Course Modules • The Global Context for Urban • Public-Private Partnerships and City Management • Revenue sources of cities • City Strategy and Governance • Budgeting and finance • Urban Poverty Reduction • Urban Land • Reducing Corruption at the Local Level • Urban Environment • Local Economic Development • Urban Transport • And other topics

7. WBI: Urban Program Around 1,000 participants each year is not bad However…………… • Cannot reach 10,000+ cities via training “courses” alone – drop in the bucket…!!

8. Why a tracer study? • sustainability could be both: • an indicator of quality; and • a function of the impact and application of learning, and on- the-job support provided by colleagues,peers, and / or resource persons from the program itself. • underlying assumptions: • alumni of a learning program best placed to provide direction and feedback on the design and follow up of learning programs. • Their involvement / cooperation in strategic planning exercises for future programs is crucial. • not envisaged as an assessment of what was done in the past but to build upon the experience of participants/alumni, adopt a forward looking approach where the team consults with and takes guidance from alumni of the program to enrich its planning for future programs; and develop impact indicators.

9. WBI/Urban Program Alumni Tracer Study January – February 2003 40% of positive respondents

10. 2 1 4 1 14 1 22 Regional & Professional Distribution of Alumni Respondents

11. How,if at all, have you used the learning that you received from the course?

12. How,if at all, have you used the learning that you received from the course? (examples of responses) • I have used the gained knowledge in the completion of the Strategic Urban Development Plan for the city of Dar es Salaam and in planning for the transportation system and its management for the city.(National Environmental Planning and Management Expert - Sustainable Cities Program, Tanzania) • I restructured the syllabus of my course "Strategic Management" and provided the course to MPA students in my university and government officials from cities in China according to the WBI course.(Associate Professor, School of Government, Peking University)

13. Which elements of the learning were you able to apply in your specific institution?

14. Which elements of the learning were you able to apply in your specific institution? (examples of responses) • The course helped me in setting up more advanced courses in my university through its better material, better preparation, and more in depth information.(Director, Instituto de la Vivienda, Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Universidad de Chile) • I was able to apply the knowledge that to contribute for the local public professionals in elaborating, evaluating and monitoring the city and urban plans.(Cience and Technology Analist, Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente de Minas Gerais) • In year 2002, we were about to finalize Regional Strategic Plan so that I used applied the learning from the WBI course to catalyze the process.(The Secretary of Sleman Local Government , Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

15. If you could not apply the learning directly, but had to adapt it due to the given context, what changes did you have to make in what you had learned?

16. If you could not apply the learning directly, but had to adapt it due to the given context, what changes did you have to make in what you had learned? (examples of responses) • I transferred the focus of the learning from the dimensions of poverty and environmental problem to the economic aspects since we emphasize more on economic development in China.(Senior engineer, China Institute of standard design & research, China) • I was able to propose the methodology about urban poverty analysis and LED strategy to formulate a program of urban poverty alleviation on the local development planning(Head of Physical & Infrastructure Planning Division of Development Planning Board of Cianjur Local Government, Indonesia) • As we had discussed a lot cases from Brazil, I didn’t have to adapt the learning.(Brazil)

17. Which factors in your work environment have facilitated or supported the retention and application of learning that you had acquired? 12 5 18 21 21 13 24 20 27 26 Compiled multiple responses from open question

18. Which factors in your work environment have constrained or slowed down the retention and application of learning that you had acquired? 4 5 11 6 22 1 8 18 1 Compiled multiple responses from open question

19. How many alumni have you been in touch with since the end of the training course to discuss experiences, opportunities and challenges in your work environment?

20. How useful is the contact that you have had with alumni of the course?

21. What are the reasons for you to develop or maintain communication with alumni or resource persons of the course? 12 17 2 2 2 1 4 3 2 Compiled responses from open question

22. What are the reasons for you to develop or maintain communication with alumni or resource persons of the course? (Example of response) • I have continued to interact with other alumni under the framework of the on-going "African Local Government Action Forum (ALGAF). This has enabled alumni to share real life experiences and identify common as well as unique issues and challenges affecting local government performance in their respective countries.(Program Officer, Association of Local Government Authorities of Kenya)

23. If you have passed on your learning to colleagues at your work place, how many colleagues are utilizing this learning effectively? * 120: Paola Jiron, Director, Instituto de la Vivienda, Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Universidad de Chile

24. 8 3 8 2 1 4 9 4 2 3 1 Has receiving a certificate from WBI added to your professional recognition and credibility in the eyes of your peers, bosses, subordinates, clients? If so, with whom has your credibility increased and what are the indicators that this has happened? Compiled responses from open question

25. Has receiving a certificate from WBI added to your professional recognition and credibility in the eyes of your peers, bosses, subordinates, clients? If so, with whom has your credibility increased and what are the indicators that this has happened? (examples of responses) • The recognition comes from some peers, other academics, professionals working in various government and international agencies. An indicator would be that I have been asked each year to coordinate courses with other UN agencies in Chile.(Director, Instituto de la Vivienda, Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Universidad de Chile) • Yes, the head of the Department and all my colleagues appreciated it. The certificate received from the WBI was also placed on notice Board of the department, which further encouraged me and provided inspirations to others.(Assistant Town Planner, Government of India) • My credibility has increased in my co-workers, as indicated that they ask me questions and helps more than ever. The quality of my discussion has improved as well during the meeting.(Coordinator, Caixa Econômica. Federal Government in Brazil)

26. Have you been given new and greater responsibilities as a result of your participation in the course organized by WBI? If yes, what has changed in your work responsibilities or position? 9 7 11 6 3 4 3 2

27. Have you been given new and greater responsibilities as a result of your participation in the course organized by WBI? If yes, what has changed in your work responsibilities or position? (examples of response) • It was on the basis of this that I was nominated to spearhead the establishment of the urban management training course at UMI(Coordinator, Urban Management program, Uganda Management Institute) • I am being involved more frequently with the strategic discussion related to training, community organization, microfinance, and so on.(Manager - Banco do Nordeste do Brasil) • Yes. I am recognized by my bosses, students, and government officials from Ministry of Interior who allowed me to participate in several research projects and to be member in several committees.(Assistant Professor, National Institute of Development Administration, Thailand)

28. Any other comments and suggestions that you would like to make regarding the design, delivery, and follow up of similar training program in the future?

29. Tracer Study Lessons…1Maximum impact when: Participants are: Learning multipliers: Trainers from sector related and/or staff training institutions and Direct applicators: mayors, city managers, senior staff, NGOs Learning event is timely: Learning best retained and applied: In anticipation of or during projects -departmental commitment and resources are most likely to be available Curriculum consists of: Strategic city planning approach:resolve how to approachmultiple sector overlap in urban local government jurisdictions

30. Tracer Study Lessons…2Maximum impact when: Curriculum based on: Locally demanded learning plans and skill sets:not static but regular locally conducted assessments of thematic needs of institutions and individuals Learning is backed by certification: Joint WBI - local / regional institution:regularinstitutional process of knowledge / skill needs identification; roster of resource persons; case studies; best practices; group exercises, etc. Alumni networks become active: Peer-to-peer knowledge exchange: As important as learning events BUT require institutional support – cannot / will not remain active on their own Most likely to work nationally / regionally

31. Lessons for Sustainability…1 • Concentrate on and create partnerships with: • learning institutions (multipliers) • associations / networks of practitioners (direct applicators) • Reform-minded cities (champion peers) • Create strategic alignments with World Bank, other donor activities (timeliness of events) to ensure longer-term presence • Enable local generation of applicable multiple sector overlapping (strategic planning approach) learning materials

32. Lessons for Sustainability…2 • Facilitate urban thematic capacity enhancement needs assessment by institutional partners (locally conducted assessments of thematic needs of institutions and individuals) • Develop and put in place rigorous system of certification (learning is backed by certification) • Seed and nurture national, regional and global alumni networks (p2p networks need institutional support, will wither if left alone)

33. Urban Program new directions • Global Reach through Local Presence and • Support, create or stimulate demand in countries: • not only by training but by helping to strengthen or create an urban sector learning infrastructure

34. Urban Program new initiatives (1) • Revolving around change-inducing activities • India: • 3 states preparing projects to create “Inclusive, Creditworthy and Efficient” cities. • Enabling Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI) to establish a Strengthening Urban Management (SUM) Program based on supportive thematic content

35. WBI: Urban Program new initiatives (2) • revolving around change-making activities..cont. • Indonesia: • Indonesia Urban Strategy Review (USR),Urban Local Governance Reform Project (ULGRP) – WBI will manage CE components • Philippines: • City Development Strategies (CDS) under preparation in several cities – WBI to work with local institutions to support learning for upstream project development

36. Urban Program new initiatives (3) • Based on Urban Thematic Capacity Enhancement Needs Assessments (UT-CENA) • Uganda: • An Urban Management CENA (UM-CENA) currently underway by Uganda Management Institute (UMI) • Based on CENA, WBI will assist in the design of urban management curriculum • Assist UMI to conduct regular learning events for Ugandan municipal staff

37. WBI: Urban Program new initiatives (5) • Horizontal learning between cities • Like the net.Knowledge not in one place but in the net • City to City Exchange (C2C) as main thrust – Working with natural networks and associations (IULA, League of Cities, CMAG) • In initial phases, exchange information and experience • gain insight about what works, • look for synergies, between and among cities on the one hand, and on the other, between cities and development institutions like the World Bank • Later, structure a framework for working more closely together.

38. Partnerships for Urban Learning • Role of National Institutions: • Conduct national UT- CENA (if required) • Joint development of curriculum, learning materials and national business plan • Identify national and regional resource speakers • “Market” learning events / products • Manage / conduct regular learning events • Create and manage alumni network

39. Partnerships for Urban Learning • Role of WBI: • Assist with UT-CENA (if required) • Match with Bank’s operations • International experience with curriculum • Identify and support international and regional resource speakers • International “Marketing” of learning events • Provide joint certification • Membership to an international community of urban practitioners

40. Thank you