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Open text books to chapter 13 section 1. 13.1 Objectives. Analyze the factors that led to the industrialization of the United States in the late 1800s. Explain how new inventions and innovations changed Americans’ lives. Describe the impact of industrialization in the late 1800s. .
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Open text books to chapter 13 section 1 13.1 Objectives • Analyze the factors that led to the industrialization of the United States in the late 1800s. • Explain how new inventions and innovations changed Americans’ lives. • Describe the impact of industrialization in the late 1800s.
How did industrialization and new technology affect the economy and society? America began a major transformation after the end of the Civil War marked by expanding business and industrialization. This “second industrial revolution,” led by scientists and inventors, improved people’s daily lives.
Several factors led to increased industrial growth during the Civil War. This laid the groundwork for postwar prosperity. • Factories used new tools and methods to produce supplies in big numbers. • Railroads expanded across the nation. • The government encouraged immigration.
The American system of capitalism is one in which individuals own most businesses. These entrepreneursinvest money in products in order to make profits. Entrepreneurs fueled industrialization in the late 1800s.They benefited from laissez-faire policies, which allowed businesses to work under minimal government regulation.
CAUSES • -- • - Vast amount of natural resources • - • - Entrepreneurs • - • - • - • - • EFFECTS • -- Oil, kerosene, & gasoline industries were created • - • - • - • - • - Businesses operate with minimal government supervision • - • - • - • - EVENT: Industrialization
CAUSES • -- Civil War • - Vast amount of natural resources • - immigration – many workers • - Entrepreneurs • - protective tariffs • - laissez-faire policies • - new inventions • -expanding railroads • EFFECTS • -- Oil, kerosene, & gasoline industries were created • - size of the workforce increases • - factories, railroads, and miners created new jobs and attracted foreign investors • - American-made goods became cheaper than imported goods • government gave railroads millions of acres of free land • - Businesses operate with minimal government supervision • - Electricity, the telephone, steel construction, and railroads were developed • - mass production • -American goods dominate the world market • -Environmental damage EVENT: Industrialization
Monday March 10, 2014 • Turn in 13.1 assignment – chart, short writing, and back all must be completed • Open textbook to 13.1 again • Open notebook: • TITLE: Technology & Industrialization • Answer the following questions: • how did CAPITALISM fuel industrialization? • which innovation extended the hours in the day for work & play? • how did PROTECTIVE TARIFFS help fuel economic growth? • (not in book) many farming machine were invented in the Midwest (John Deere and McCormick equipment are both from Illinois) – why is this not a coincidence?
Nation has wealth of natural resources. Explosion of inventions improve business and manufacturing efficiency. Growing urban population provides workers and markets. Railroads establish new markets. Cause and Effect Industrial Growth • Big business emerges. • Businesses consolidate under monopolies and trusts. • Workers endure harsh conditions. • Labor unions develop.
A great many immigrants to the United States were pushed from their homelands by • political upheaval at home • religious discrimination • crop failures
Thomas Edison was the most prolific inventor of the era. He and his team of workers developed the light bulb, the phonograph, the motion picture camera,and hundreds of new products.
Daily life changed dramatically as a result of new technologies. Morse’s telegraph gave rise to a communications revolution. The telephone debuted in 1876, the wireless telegraph in 1896. The Bessemer process, which purified iron to create steel, changed construction. Steel made skyscrapers and suspension bridges possible.
Railroads expanded. This led to the physical and economic growth of cities. Chicago, Atlanta, and Pittsburgh became important hubs.
America exported grain, steel, and textiles in huge amounts and became a world economic power. Mechanization of farming meant fewer farmers were needed to produce food. Many Americans moved to cities to find work.
In response, Congress set aside protected lands. Yellowstone Park was created in 1872. People began to raise concerns about the impact of industrializationon the environment.
