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Explore the agro-environmental landscape of the Republic of Tajikistan with a focus on pesticide management, biodiversity, and agriculture. Discover the country's geographic features, population distribution, and legislative initiatives.
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Republic of Tajikistan • Republic of Tajikistan is located in the southern part of Central Asia. Total area of Tajikistan is 143,100 sq. km. The greatest length from the West to the East is 700 km and from the South to the North – 350 km. The total length of boarders of the Republic of Tajikistan is 3,000 km, 630 km of which account for the boarder with the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, 910 km – with the Republic of Uzbekistan, 430 km – with People’s Republic of China and 1,030 km – with the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
Republic of Tajikistan consists of the following administrative divisions:Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, Sughd and Khatlon, regions of republican subordination and the capital – Dushanbe. • More than 85% of the population is concentrated in regions at a height of up to 1,500-1,800 m above sea level. Mountain systems cover about 93% of the state territory. Absolute altitudes of ground surface are from 300 to 7,495 m. Valleys and intermountain troughs are main places of population residence and their economical activity. • Average population density in Tajikistan is 49 persons per 1 sq.km.
Population of the Republic of Tajikistan • General population of the Republic of Tajikistan is 8.0 million persons, 73% of them live in rural area • The Republic is located in the northmost part of subtropical zone of the globe. The peculiarity of geographic location of Tajikistan is that it lies away from open seas and oceans, i.e. has no access to the sea and is described by distinct inland climate.
Stockholm Convention • Republic of Tajikistan signed Convention on POP on 22 May 2002. On sixth December 2006 Tajikistan ratified Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POP) (regulation of the Parliament of the Republic of Tajikistan № 417). Certificate on ratification was received by the UN Secretary-General acting as an authorized person on 8 February 2007 (Registered number: C/ N/ 191/ 2007/ TREATIES-4). Convention came into effect in the Republic of Tajikistan on 9 May 2007 in accordance with the Article 26 (2) of the Convention.
Legislation of Tajikistan General structure of legislation of Tajikistan in the sphere of environmental protection provides for close cooperation between local governmental authorities and relevant ministries in order to ensure successful environmental policy. • Department of Agriculture and its local bodies as well as Committee for Environmental Conservation are responsible for: • - conduct of policy in the sphere of application, storage and handling of pesticides; • -search for alternative methods in control of pest, plant diseases and weeds; • -development of effective methods on safe application of chemical crop protection agents;
-internal control of observance of regulations for pesticides application and handling; • -regulation of import and sales of pesticides; observance of rules for disposaland recovery of banned and invalid for application pesticides and their containers at landfills; • Committee for Environmental Conservation issues a decision on possibility of application and ban for their further application as well as provide control of environmental impact, emission/discharge of chemical agents and wastes into air, water and soil; • -cooperation with international partners in the sphere of environmental protection.
Local government authorities consist of representative and executive bodies which take practical measures for environmental protection at local level. • Tajikistan has never produced chemical crop protection agents, crop diseases and weeds control agents. Main sources of environmental pollution are: obsolete and banned pesticides which were imported in Soviet time. • Resources and residues of pesticides are mainly located at warehouses and two landfills –Kanibadam landfill (Sughd) and Vakhsh landfill (Khatlon).
Tajikistan is an agro-industrial republic, area of cultivated agricultural crops takes 850 thous. ha about 200 thous. ha of which are annually occupied by leading crop – cotton-plant. About 1.7 mln. ha is under the jurisdiction of forest resources. • Spending of pesticides in general over the republic in the end of last century was 12-15 kg per 1 ha of tillage and perennial plantings. At the present time spending is essentially declined. In 2012 Republic received only 159 tons of pesticides which is about 0.04 kg per 1 ha of agricultural lands.
Tajikistan never had and still has no pesticides production facilities. All agricultural chemical agents for crops protection and imported from other states. Import of pesticides into Tajikistan
As a result of reorganization of agricultural sector and economic conversion in the republic application of pesticides has significantly decreased. • However prominent environmental impact heritage can be observed in certain sectors especially in places of storage of out of date pesticides.
