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Standards, Devices, and Software Applications

Video Capture and Editing. Standards, Devices, and Software Applications. B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing. Media Technologies. Agenda. Video standards and formats Video Cameras Typical set-ups and applications Editing and post production Software applications Deployment issues.

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Standards, Devices, and Software Applications

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  1. Video Capture and Editing Standards, Devices,and Software Applications B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  2. Agenda • Video standards and formats • Video Cameras • Typical set-ups and applications • Editing and post production • Software applications • Deployment issues B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  3. Video Standards • Digital video devices must conform to standards • Digital standards must maintain compatibility with older analogue standards for broadcast TV

  4. Video Standards: Formats • PAL = Phase Alternating Line -Western Europe, Australia & New Zealand, China... • NTSC = National Television Standards Committee • North America, Japan, Taiwan, parts of South America • SECAM - (Séquential Couleur Avec Mémoire) - France and former Soviet Union - Analogue Standard only used for transmission- uses PAL cameras

  5. Digitization • In the camera – DV + Firewire • In the computer – video capture card • Digitization in camera (DV) means less noise • Less noise allows better compression

  6. Video Characteristics • PAL • Frame has 625 lines, 576 are picture • 25 frames ( 50 fields) per second • NTSC • Frame has 525 lines, 480 are picture • 29.97 frames (59,94 fields) per second(often quoted as 30 frames per second)

  7. Video Standard CCIR 601 • PAL 720 x 576 pixels; NTSC 720 x 480 pixels

  8. Video Format: PAL Data size • PAL = Phase Alternating Line (uncompressed) • 768×576 pixels per frame • × 3 bytes per pixel (24 bit colour) • × 25 frames per second • = 31 MB per second • = 1.85 GB per minute

  9. Video Format: NTSC Data size • NTSC uncompressed • 640×480 pixels per frame • × 3 bytes per pixel (24 bit colour) • × 30 frames per second (approx) • = 26 MB per second • = 1.6 GB per minute

  10. Video Standard: DV • Consumer format, aslo known as mini-DV • DVCAM, DVPRO use different tape formats, but generate the same data stream • Data rate constant 25Mbits per second • Compression ration 5:1

  11. Video Standard: MPEG • ISO/IEC Motion Picture Experts Group • Series of standards including • MPEG-1 intended for video CD • MPEG-2 used in DVD and Broadcast • MPEG-4 for low bit-rate multimedia

  12. Streamed Video • Play back a video stream over a network (like broadcast TV) • Use dedicated media server to stream content to match capacity of network connection • QuickTime movie • Embed into Macromedia Flash

  13. Video Equipment:Entry Level B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  14. Video Equipment: DVD Record B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  15. Video Equipment: Pro B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  16. Video Equipment: Pro B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  17. Advanced Setup B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  18. Video Editing • Make a sequence (movie) from a collection of parts (clips) • Selection, trimming and organization of raw footage • Apply transitions (e.g dissolves) between clips • Combine moving images with sound • No changes made to the original resource footage

  19. Post Production • Changing or adding to the material • Most changes are generalizations of image manipulation operations (e.g colour correction, blurring and sharpening,…) • Compositing - combining elements from different movies into a composite sequence • Animating elements and combining animation with live action

  20. Software Applications • Premiere Pro 1.5 - PC only Adobe • Final Cut - Apple Mac • iMovie - Apple Mac • Ulead Media Studio Pro • After Effects - Adobe • Pinnacle Studios

  21. B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  22. Final Cut Pro B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  23. Pinnacle Studio B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

  24. Deployment • Compromises required to bring resource requirements of video within capabilities of delivery medium ( e.g networks) and low-end machines • Reduce frame size - down sample to quarter frame size - i.e. 320x240 pixels • Reduce sample rate (12 or 15 fps is OK for smoothmotion, flicker not a problem on computer • Reduce colour depth

  25. References • Digital Multimedia 2nd EditionChapman N. Chapman J. Wiley. 2004 • http://www.adobe.com • http://www.apple.com • http://www.ulead.com • http://www.pinnaclesys.com B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing Media Technologies

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