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A Lost Generation 1920s – 1930s

A Lost Generation 1920s – 1930s. Lecture # 2. Standard 10.6.4. Standard 10.6.4. Discuss the influence of World War I on literature, art, and intellectual life in the West (e.g., Pablo Picasso, the "lost generation" of Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway). Jazz Age Prohibition Psychoanalysis

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A Lost Generation 1920s – 1930s

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  1. A Lost Generation1920s – 1930s Lecture # 2 Standard 10.6.4

  2. Standard 10.6.4 • Discuss the influence of World War I on literature, art, and intellectual life in the West (e.g., Pablo Picasso, the "lost generation" of Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway).

  3. Jazz Age Prohibition Psychoanalysis Harlem Renaissance Cubism Weimar Republic Kellogg-Briand Pact Vocabulary P. 420-425

  4. The Roaring Twenties • The Jazz Age • The flapper • Freedom & excitement • Prohibition • ban on alcohol • 18th amendment 1919 • repealed 1933 • Advancements • Automobile/Airplane/movies/radio

  5. Changes in Women’s Lives • Labor saving devices • Washing machines/vacuum cleaners/canned foods/birth control/etc • Freedom After Before

  6. New Literature • WWI~ breakdown of Western Civilization • Disillusionment (What is the point of life) • Disgust in war (Lost Generation~ Gertrude Stein) • Harlem Renaissance • African American cultural awakening • Expressed pride & unique culture through novels/essays

  7. Art • Cubism~ three-dimensional objects as complex patterns of angles & planes • Pablo Picasso • Abstract~ composed only of lines, colors, & shapes • Dada~ rejected traditional art movements/believed there was no sense to the world • Surrealism~ rejected rational and focused on the unconscious mind

  8. New Scientific Theories • Albert Einstein • Theory of relativity (measurements of space & time are not absolute) • Alexander Fleming • Penicillin kills bacteria (1st antibiotic) • Sigmund Freud • Psychoanalysis-subconscious mind drives behavior

  9. The Coming Depression… • The U.S. Post WWI (1920s) Leading economic power • American loans/investors backed the recovery of Europe • Credit emerged (people bought stuff but had no real $ to pay for it) • Problems: • Wealth not even (farmers & unskilled workers) • Overproduction of goods=unemployment

  10. The Stock Market • People bought stocks on margins • If a stock is $100 you can pay only $10 now and the rest later when the stock rose • Stocks Fall~ now the person has less than $100 and no $$$ to pay it back • Panic sets in • Worried people tried to sell their stocks all at once • Stock prices crashed wiping out fortunes

  11. Stock Market Crash 1929 • Black Tuesday October 29, 1929 • Overnight people lost everything • Houses, savings accounts.. • Banks/schools/factories closed • Caused more unemployment

  12. Global Impact • U.S. investors withdrew money from Europe and demanded repayment of oversea loans • Germany suffered • U.S. imposed the highest tariffs in its history • Americans forced to buy American goods • World trade dropped 65%

  13. Political turmoil & economic crises caused Italy and Germany to turn toward totalitarian dictators. Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler

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