MATURITA TOPICS The United Kingdom_General facts I_ 05

1. MATURITA TOPICSThe United Kingdom_General facts I_05 ANJ_Maturita Mgr. Filip Soviš www.zlinskedumy.cz

3. The United Kingdom& London • Basic Facts • Parts, Symbols • Kingdom&RoyalFamily • History • PoliticalSystem • Other PART I

4. The United Kingdom& London What basic facts do you know about the UK? • north‑westEuropeon theislandofGB and thenorthern part ofIreland • a constitutional monarchy = a parliament and a monarch • temperateclimate (wetweather) • thenationalflagcalledthe Union Jack • dividedintocounties • in 1931 TheBritishCommonwealthofNations = GB and itsformercolonies in Europe, Asia, Africa and America (e.g. Malta, India, Malaysia) • theQueentheformalhead in 16 dominions (e.g. Canada, A&NZ) • memberofNATO, UNESCO and theEU • driving on theleft, originalcurrency, oldmeasuringunits (miles, feet, poundsetc.)

5. The United Kingdom& London Dividethe UK intosomeparts. Namethecapitalcitiesof these parts. Fourcountries: • England(London) • Scotland (Edinburgh) • Wales (Cardiff) • NorthernIreland (Belfast)

6. The United Kingdom& London What are the best known symbols of the UK? • theSt. George'scross (usuallyseen as a flag) • theUnion Flag (alsoreferred to as the Union Jack) = the Flag ofEngland, the Flag of Scotland and Saint Patrick's Flag in 1801, Wales is not represented in the Union Flag • thenational anthem: "GodSavethe King" ("King" replacedwith "Queen" in thelyricswheneverthemonarchis a woman) • theRoyalCoatofArms: symbolsrepresentingEngland, Scotland and Ireland (theSovereign's motto, thelion and theunicorn)

7. The United Kingdom& London Can you tell me something more specific abouteach of the four countries? England • thelargestofthecountries • a unifiedstate in AD 927 (nameaftertheAnglesEngland) • theseatofpoliticalpower (TheHousesofParliament and Buckingham Palace) • 1707 theActsof Unionunion withtheKingdomofScotland • 1801 anotherActof Union GB unitedwiththeKingdomofIreland • themountainousLakeDistrict, Pennines • Liverpool(the Beatles), Manchester, Oxford and Cambridge(universities), Stonehenge (themysterious stone formation)

8. The United Kingdom& London Wales • officiallanguageWelsh but Englishmore widelyspoken • Plaid Cymru[plaɪd ˈkəmrɨ] =The Party of Wales (political party; independent Welsh state) • largely mountainous (Snowdon - 1,085m) • rugbyis a popularsport NorthernIreland • for many years a violent inter-communal conflict =the Troubles • in 1998 the Good Friday Agreement = NIlargely self-governing • industrialised region • athletes from Northern Ireland may compete for either GB or Ireland at the Olympic Games

9. The United Kingdom& London Scotland • apartfromEnglish, ScottishGaelicspoken • Edinburgh(capital, HolyroodHouse, Royal Mile leading to theCastle) • Glasgow (thebiggestScottish city) • thesymbol + thepatron saint: thistle + St Andrew • typicalinstrument + dress: thepipe+ a pleated tartan kilt • quitemountainous: theCaledonianMountains, theGrampians(Ben Nevis) • rivers: theClyde, the Tweed • lakes ("lochs"): Loch Fyne, Loch Lomond, Loch Ness • traditionalsports: tossingthecaber, curling, tossingthehammer, a tug-of-war

10. The United Kingdom& London What do you know about the history of the UK? • theCelts (3000 years ago) • 55 BC theRomans (Hadrian's Wall, Christianity, nameBritannia) • 5thcent. theGermanictribesoftheAngles (England), Saxons and Jutes • 9th cent. Vikings • William theConquerortheBattleofHastings 1066 French • in 1215 King JohnsignedtheMagna Cartatheparliamentarysystem • 1455-1485 theWarofRoses • Henry VIII (1509-1547, theChurchofEngland, sixwives) • Elizabeth I, (1558-1603, 1stEnglishcolony in NorthAmcalled Virginia) • 1642–1649 a Civil War (Oliver CromwellEngland a republic) • QueenVictoria (1837-1901, continuousand stablenatureofGB) legends: • King Arthur and TheKnightsoftheRoundTable • Robin Hood(robbedtherich and gave to thepoor)

11. The United Kingdom& London Whatpoliticalsystemisthere in Britain? WhatdoestheBritishParliamentconsistof? • a constitutional monarchywiththeQueen Elizabeth II • run by thegovernment(thePrime Minister: David Cameron) • in NorthernIreland, the sovereign isrepresented by a governor • theParliament: the sovereign, the House ofLords and the House ofCommons • theHouse ofLords (theUpper House; adoptlaws, Lord Chancellor; hereditarymembers and lifetimepeers, archbishops and bishops) • the House ofCommons (theLowerHouse; 650 elected and paidmembers= MPs; every 5 years) • theShadowCabinet(themainoppositionparty) • in 1999 thefirsttime in 300 yearsthat Scotland has had itsownparliament

12. The United Kingdom& London Who is the head of the monarchy, what do youknowabouttheBritishroyalfamily? • closerelativesofthemonarchofthe United Kingdom • the House of Windsorsince1917 • His or Her Majesty (HM), or His or Her RoyalHighness (HRH) theQueen: • title: "Elizabeth the Second, by theGraceofGodofthe UK of GB and NorthernIreland"; surname: whennecessary = "Windsor" • officialroyalresidences: Buckingham Palace (home), Windsor Castle, St.James Palace • doesn'tneed: a passportor a driving licence • 8 grandchildren(Prince William, Duke of Cambridge; Prince Henry of Wales)

13. Bibliografické citace BRIDGE. Great Britain[online]. 2010-2013 [cit. 2013-02-28]. Soubor typu PDF. Dostupné z: http://www.bridge-online.cz/maturita/maturitni-karty BURNIE, Glen a Rob RAESIDE. FlagsoftheWorld. CRW Flags' Online Catalog [online]. 1996-2013, 2013-01-04 [cit. 2013-01-05]. Dostupné z: http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/country.html#n ILIFF, David. DerwentWater, LakeDistrict, Cumbria - June 2009 [online]. 2009 [cit. 2013-02-28]. Obrázek typu JPEG, CreativeCommons. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Derwent_Water,_Lake_District,_Cumbria_-_June_2009.jpg SMITH-DLUHÁ, Gabrielle. Angličtina: otázky a odpovědi nejen k maturitě. 1. vyd. Dubicko: INFOA, 2007, 231 s. Zrcadlový text. ISBN 978-80-7240-489-6.