Roadways to Success

1. Roadways to Success Memory Maps Presented by Donita Kaare and Joyce Nix

2. MEMORY HOW DO WE REMEMBER

4. MEMORY WHY DO WE FORGET? • Fading over time • Interference • Lack of Retrieval Cues

5. Input Learning Circle Memory Storage Long term Short term

6. HOW MEMORY WORKS • Information from the five senses enters the sensory register-must form a recognizable pattern • It then enters short-term (working) memory • The short-term memory can cope with 5-9 pieces of information at a time

7. HOW MEMORY WORKS • Short term memory only has 20 seconds to process information bits • Information can be kept alive longer in STM by rehearsing it • Information must be organized • The new information must be associated with known information

8. HOW MEMORY WORKS • If the process is successful, information passes into long term memory for storage and later retrieval by the appropriate cue.

9. Comprehension or Understanding + Memory with Retrieval Cues Equals Learning

10. Helps • Sleep • Nutrition • Exercise • Mental exercises (puzzles, games ,etc.) • Positive attitude • Good Environment • Study Breaks • Repetition and visualization

11. Hindrances • Internal and external distractions • Alcohol • Drugs • Stress • Tuning out things you don’t like • Not distinguishing between important facts and unimportant facts

12. MEMORY TECHNIQUES • GROUPING • VIVID ASSOCIATIONS

13. MEMORY TECHNIQUES • VISUAL MEMORY • Diagrams • Charts • Tables • Outlines • Webs or Mind Maps

14. MEMORY TECHNIQUES • ACRONYMS • KCF, DMSB, HOMES, NBA, BTU • SENTENCES/ ACROSTICS • Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally • My Very Educated Mother Just Served Nine Pizzas • RHYMES AND SONGS • SQR3

15. MEMORY TECHNIQUES • PAY ATTENTION • EXTERNAL MEMORY AIDS • POOL CLASS NOTES • TAPE LECTURES • TAPE NOTES • STUDENT PRODUCED STUDY GUIDES

16. Memory Techniques Assist transfer to long term memory by: • Repetition and review • Scenarios and examples • Apply or teach the information

17. Memory Techniques Practice: • Verbal rehearsal techniques using mind’s voice • Visualization techniques using mind’s eye

18. Memory Techniques • Create memory logs using notebooks, 3 x 5 cards in binder, a journal, etc. • Type new words on computer • Pair new terms with pictures

19. Strategies • Emotional connection to material • When you care about something-learning is easier • Understand what you memorize • Separate main points from the unimportant • Use organization tools (outlines, etc.)

20. Strategies PRACTICE THE MIDDLE When memorizing you remember what you studied first and what you study last. Give special attention and extra practice to the middle!

21. Use the information • Use new information in every way you can • Apply it to other contexts • Link it to new problems • Test your knowledge (without looking)

22. Strategies for Specific Areas Working with unfamiliar or technical words and terms: • Write them down • Pronounce them clearly • Look for spelling oddities • Define them • Draw pictures, use examples, make analogies • Synonyms, homonyms, opposites

23. Strategies for Specific Areas Working with assigned reading: If readings are very technical, or abstract, walk through the text by: • Use SQ3R • Make sure you follow author’s argument • Distinguish main ideas from supporting ideas

24. Strategies for Specific Areas Working with numbers: • Keep columns straight • Use manipulatives and concrete examples • Make formula sheets

25. Strategies for Specific Areas Working with charts, graphs, and pictures: • Useful for visually oriented students • Auditory learners describe them verbally • Keep visual simple and uncluttered

26. Strategies for Specific Areas Use technological aids: • Tape recorders • Computers • Spelling Checkers • Calculators • Audio and videotapes