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Bell Ringer for Monday, May 10

Bell Ringer for Monday, May 10. ON A SLIP OF PAPER: What are 3 things you could have done better on the last test? What are 2 things you are going to do in preparation for the End of Course? What is one area we have covered you still have questions about?. Progressive Era. 1880-1920.

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Bell Ringer for Monday, May 10

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  1. Bell Ringer for Monday, May 10 • ON A SLIP OF PAPER: • What are 3 things you could have done better on the last test? • What are 2 things you are going to do in preparation for the End of Course? • What is one area we have covered you still have questions about?

  2. Progressive Era 1880-1920

  3. Progressive Era Fostering Efficiency 4 Goals of the Progressive Movement Protecting Social Welfare Creating Economic Freedom Promoting Moral Improvement

  4. Rise of Big Business • Inventions & Natural Resources: • Telegraph/telephone • Thomas Edison • Elevators • Typewriter • Cars—Model T & Ford • Coal & Iron Ore • Business Giants: • Robber Barons—wealthy entrepreneurs • Vanderbilt: Railroad • John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil; vertical integration (owned steps of the process) • Carnegie: US Steel • Philanthropist • Gospel of Wealth

  5. Social Darwinism & Gilded Age • Herbert Spencer: dev idea of “social Darwinism: • “survival of the fittest” • Explained why those who are rich & poor • Laissez-faire • Mark Twain: • Coined the phrase “Gilded Age” • A layer of prosperity was covering the poverty & corruption that existed in much of society

  6. Government Regulates • Interstate Commerce Act: regulate RR rates • Sherman Antitrust Act: ensure competition by making monopolies illegal • Banks • Internal transportation • Tariffs

  7. Populism • Farming still key in S & W. • Agricultural mechanization • Grange: farmers banding together to protect interests & to stand up against RR • Populist Movement • Election Reform • Income tax • Direct Election of Senators • Use of Silver • Labor Unions • PROBLEM: too many ideas and lack of true leadership

  8. 1964: Henry Littlefield’s “Thesis”?

  9. Election of 1896 • Republicans: McKinley • Democrats: William Jennings Bryan • Gold Standard • Imperialism • Both pol parties were adopting Populists ideas

  10. Protecting Social Welfare (Social Reform) • Social Gospel and Settlement Houses • Jane Addams & Hull House • YMCA & Salvation Army • Muckrakers: writers who exposed the abuse in government & society • Upton Sinclair & The Jungle

  11. Moral Improvements (Social Reform) • Temperance Movement • Abolish alcohol • Led to Prohibition & passing of 18th Amendment • WHY: breakdown of families; health issues; violence & crime; domestic abuse • Hard for immigrants to follow

  12. Urbanization • “New Immigrants”: Southern and Eastern Europe • Ellis Island • “Melting Pot” and Cultural Pluralism • Nativism: anti-immigrants • Religious differences • Political views different • Laws: Chinese Exclusion Act

  13. Child Labor & other Labor Reform • Congress began passing legislation prohibiting articles produced by children • Banned child labor and set maximum hours • Muller v Oregon (1908): limited # of hours women could work • Triangle Shirtwaist Fire: NYC, fire broke out in sweatshop

  14. Draw of the Cities • Entertainment: dance halls, spectator sports, movies, theater • Saloons and city parks • Suburbs • Tenement buildings • Political Machines: • Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall

  15. TR vs. Taft

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