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Health Science 1

Health Science 1. The Science of Human Nutrition. Why do you need to eat?. Food gives us energy. Food gives us nutrients. Food tastes good!. Human Nutrition?. The digestive system: Delivers energy/nutrients to your blood. Your blood delivers these to your cells. Your cells:

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Health Science 1

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  1. Health Science 1 The Science of Human Nutrition.

  2. Why do you need to eat? • Food gives us energy. • Food gives us nutrients. • Food tastes good!

  3. Human Nutrition? • The digestive system: • Delivers energy/nutrients to your blood. • Your blood delivers these to your cells. • Your cells: • Absorb nutrients/energy from blood. • Use these during normal activity.

  4. Imagine yourself as a “chunk of food” being digested. • What kind of food are you? • What happens where, and why? • What is easily removed from you? • What part of you would pass through someone’s digestive system unharmed?

  5. Like Pizza? • Whats in it? • Crust • Cheese • Toppings • Molecules: • Carbohydrates • Fats • Is pizza “bad” for you?

  6. Pizza versus a Big Mac? • Most people surveyed refuse to eat more than on “Big Mac” from McDonalds. • Most people surveyed have no problem eating multiple pieces of pizza. • When in fact a piece of pizza has more calories and fat than a “Big Mac”.

  7. What are the main molecules in your diet? • Carbohydrates • Short-term energy • Lipids • Long-term energy storage. • Proteins • Essential for most cell activity. • 8 essential amino acids in humans.

  8. Carbohydrates • Its main function: Short-term energy storage. • Carbohydrates include all sugars. • Glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose. • Glycogen (storage CHO in your body) • Cellulose (structural CHO) • Starch (storage CHO in plants) • Fleshy fruits, vegetables, grains.

  9. How much sugar does an average American eat per year? • Over 150 pounds! • Processed sugars. • 44oz. “Big Pop” • Reduced sugars often = healthier diet. • Keep in mind – processed sugars contain more calories than sugars naturally found in foods. It is when you reduce the processed sugars in your diet that you get the most benefit.

  10. Does a child eating sugar have a different behavior? • Absolutely NO evidence to support this. • Over 200 scientific studies show no results. • “Don’t let fact stand in the way of my wild speculation!” • Sugar takes time to digest. • Other molecules are instantly absorbed, and have the largest impact on behavior: • Caffeine, nicotine.

  11. Lipids • These include fats, oils, and waxes. • Long-term energy storage. • Saturated vs. unsaturated fats. • Without lipids, you cannot live: • Cell membranes, insulation, vitamins. • Essential fatty acids, cholesterol.

  12. Essential Fatty Acids • Adequate amounts found in whole foods. • Linoleic Acid (1tsp/day) • Found in corn oil, olive oil.

  13. Proteins • Essential for all cellular activities. • Hundreds of needed functions. • Made up of amino acids. • 9 are “essential” in humans. • Complete foods have all amino acids. • Protein deficiency.

  14. Essential Amino Acids • They are easily obtained from animal proteins. • They can also be obtained from the proper combination of plant foods. ESSENTIALAMINO ACIDS Methionine Valine (Histidine) Threonine Phenylalanine Corn Leucine Isoleucine Beans andotherlegumes Tryptophan Lysine

  15. What does the term “diet” mean? • “Diet” is not losing weight. • Your diet is what you eat! • Either you have a healthy diet or not. • The old saying “you are what you eat” really does have some merit.

  16. The Food Pyramid:What is a “serving”? • Carbohydrate (6-11) • Vegetable (3-5) • Fruit (2-4) • Dairy (2-3) • Protein (2-3) • Fats/oil/sweets • Sparingly

  17. What does a “sound” diet provide? • Provides enough raw materials to make all the macromolecules we need. • Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins. • The proper amounts of essential nutrients. • Energy (kilocalories) to satisfy our energy needs.

  18. VitaminsOrganic substances required for growth and survival made by plants.

  19. Fat Soluble Vitamins:

  20. MineralsInorganic substances required for growth and survival.

  21. What you eat influences your health.(Cardiovascular Disease) BEHAVIORALRISK FACTORS UNAVOIDABLERISK FACTORS Highbloodcholesterol Highbloodpressure Fatty diet Aging Lack ofexercise Family history CARDIOVASCULARDISEASE Smoking Being male

  22. What you eat influences your health.(Cancer)

  23. What is on a food label? • Serving size. • Servings/container • Ingredients • % Daily Value

  24. Fad Diets?Are you a “sheep”?

  25. Well, what do you think? • Is your diet healthy? • Does a healthy diet need supplements? • How does your “diet” compare? • How could you change your habits? • CAN you change your habits?

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