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Levels of Organization of Living Things

LESSON # 2 (Chapter 1). Levels of Organization of Living Things. W H A T I S L I F E ?. Life is defined in terms of a group of characteristics possessed by living things:. 5- Can reproduce, through the use of information encoded in DNA. 1- Can assimilate and use energy.

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Levels of Organization of Living Things

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  1. LESSON # 2(Chapter 1) Levels of Organization of Living Things

  2. W H A T I S L I F E ? Life is defined in terms of a group of characteristics possessed by living things: • 5- Can reproduce, through the use of information encoded in DNA. • 1- Can assimilate and use energy. • 2- Can respond to their environment. • 6- Are composed of one or more cells. • 3- Can maintain a relatively constant internal environment. • 7- Evolved from other living things. • 4- Posses an inherited .information base, encoded in DNA that allows it to function. • 8- Are highly organized compared to inanimate objects. Every one of these qualities exists in all the varieties of Earth’s living things. A simple cell can do all of the things listed above.

  3. The human body consists of about 100 trillion cells (100 000 000 000 000 cells) Each of these cell has in it a complement of DNA that is made up of 3 billion (3 000 000 000) of chemical building blocks (atoms) THE LIVING WORLD IS VERY COMPLEX That is why the organization of living matter is extremely important

  4. HIERARCHICAL MANNER: Levels of organization are progressively integrated to make up higher levels. THE LIVING WORLD IS ORGANIZED IN A HIERARCHICAL MANNER Levels of Organization in Living Things

  5. Atoms Molecules Atoms combine to form H O 2 MACROMOLECULE SMALL MOLECULE

  6. Atoms Molecules Organelles Atoms combine to form Molecules come together to form Highly organized structures with one special function. Ex: mitochondria, ribosomes. Cells Cells are the smallest units of living things. Life actually occurs in cells. Each cell contains hundred of organelles.

  7. Atoms Molecules Organelles Atoms combine to form Molecules come together to form Highly organized structures with one special function. Ex: mitochondria, ribosomes. Cells Cells are the smallest units of living things. Life actually occurs in cells. Each cell contains hundred of organelles. Tissues A collection of cells that serve a common function. Ex: nervous tissue. Nervous tissue

  8. Different types of tissues make up organs Muscle tissue Connective tissue Epithelial tissue

  9. Different types of tissues make up organs Cardiac muscle tissue Connective tissue Epithelial tissue

  10. Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells Atoms combine to form molecules. Small molecules: water Macromolecules: DNA, proteins. Highly organized structures with one special function. Ex: mitochondria, ribosomes. Each cell contains hundred of organelles. They can do all things listed previously. Life actually occurs in cells. Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms Different organs that work together closely. Ex: Cardio- vascular system, respiratory system, nervous system Organisms can be formed by only one cell ( bacteria) or trillions of cells organized in organ systems (human). A collection of cells that serve a common function. Ex: muscle tissue. A functioning unit formed by several kinds of tissues. Ex: The heart, a blood vessel, the brain

  11. The human body consists of about 100 trillion cells (100 000 000 000 000 cells) One-celled bacteria are also organisms O R G A N I S M S

  12. Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells Atoms combine to form molecules. Small molecules: water Macromolecules: DNA, proteins. Highly organized structures with one special function. Ex: mitochondria, ribosomes. Each cell contains hundred of organelles. They can do all things listed previously. Life actually occurs in cells. Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms A collection of cells that serve a common function. Ex: muscle tissue. A functioning unit formed by several kinds of tissues. Ex: The heart, a blood vessel, the brain Different organs that work together closely. Ex: Cardio- vascular system, respiratory system, nervous system Organisms can be formed by only one cell ( bacteria) or trillions of cells organized in organ systems (human). Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere Members of a single type of living thing (species), living in one area. All the kind of living things in a given area (several species). The community of organisms plus all the non-living elements The interactive collections of all the Earth’s ecosystems

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