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Lecture 16

Lecture 16. Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) is the field that studies the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions and the design of the reactors in which they take place. Today’s lecture. Enzyme Kinetics Noncompetitive Inhibition Bioreactors Monod Equation Yield Coefficients

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Lecture 16

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  1. Lecture 16 Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) is the field that studies the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions and the design of the reactors in which they take place.

  2. Today’s lecture • Enzyme Kinetics • Noncompetitive Inhibition • Bioreactors • Monod Equation • Yield Coefficients • Washout

  3. Last lecture A given enzymecanonlycatalyzeonlyonereaction. Urea is decomposed by the enzymeurease, as shownbelow. The correspondingmechanism is: MichaelisMentenEquation

  4. Lecture 16 - Bioreactors Nutrient + Nutrient + + Products + Products cells more cells

  5. Bioreactors

  6. Bioreactors inoculum t=0 time  Cells + Substrate More Cells + Product

  7. Bioreactors Phases of Bacteriagrowth: I. Lag II. Exponential III. Stationary IV. Death b) Monodgrowth rate law: Lag Phase lnCc StationaryPhase Death Phase ExponentialGrowthPhase 0 time

  8. Bioreactors Mass Balances: Accumulation = In - Out + Growth - Death

  9. Bioreactors Rate Laws: Cp*= ProductConcentration at which all metabolism ceases

  10. Bioreactors Stoichiometry: A.)YieldCoefficients • B.) Maintenance

  11. Bioreactors v0 CS0 Volume=V v CC CS V=V0 1) Mass balance:

  12. Bioreactors

  13. Bioreactors 2) Rates: 3) Parameters:

  14. PolymathSetup 1.) d(CC)/d(t)=-D*CC+(rg-rd) 2.) d(CS)/d(t)=-D*(CS0-CS)-Ysg*rg-m*CC 3.) d(CP)/d(t)=-D*CP+YPC*rg 4.) rg=(((1-(CP/Cpstar))**0.52)*mumax*(CS/(KS+CS))*CC 5.) D=0.2 6.) kd=0.01 11.) mumax=0.33 7.) rd=kd*CC 12.) YSC=12.5 8.) CS0=250 13.) KS=1.7 9.) YPC=5.6 10.) m=0.3

  15. Bioreactors – Chemostats - CSTRs 1. Steady State - Neglect Death Rate and Cell Maintenance 2. Cell

  16. Bioreactors – Chemostats - CSTRs 3. Substrate

  17. Bioreactors CSTR Washout CC CC Washout dilution rate D DW

  18. Maximum Product Flow Rate Howdoes this figurerelate to drinking a lot of fluids when you have an infection or cold? DCC D Dmaxprod DW

  19. End of Lecture 16

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