Animal Contributions to Human Needs

1. Animal Contributions to Human Needs

2. What animals are used for production purposes? • Cattle • Sheep • Goats • Pigs • Chickens • Turkeys • Fish • Horses • Rabbits • Geese • Exotic: • Bison • Yaks • Elk • Deer • Pheasant • Chuckers

3. SCIENCE • a process through which nature is STUDIED, DISCOVERED, and UNDERSTOOD.

4. Animal Science • The PROCESS through which LIVESTOCK ANIMALS are STUDIED and UNDERSTOOD.

5. Animal Science • Involves BREEDING, feeding, care and MANAGEMENT of animals; MARKETING and PROCESSING of animals and their PRODUCTS based on knowledge gained through practical EXPERIENCE and RESEARCH.

6. Domestication • To adapt an animal for human use

7. Five requirements for domestication • 1.The animal is VALUED and there are clear PURPOSES for which it is kept. • 2.The animal’s BREEDING is subject to human control. • 3.The animal’s SURVIVAL depends upon humans.

8. Five requirements for domestication • 4.The animal’s BEHAVIOR (psychology) is changed in domestication. • 5.Morphological (STRUCTURAL) characteristics have appeared which occur rarely if at all in the wild.

9. Process of Domestication • 1Wild______ 2Tame_____3 Domestic _______ 4Feral

10. Wild animal • not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans • Example: • Elk

11. Tame wild animal • a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans. • Example: Horse

12. Exotic animal • a wild animal belonging to a species whose historic native range lies totally outside NORTH AMERICA • Example: Alligator

13. Domestic animal • an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION • Example: Cow

14. Feral animal • a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance • Example • Cat

15. Feral population • a REPRODUCING group of FERAL animals • Example • A group of wild dogs

16. Species • a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring • Example: Bos Taurus

17. Breed • animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES • Example: Quarter Horse

18. Type • animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce • Example: Dairy Cow

19. Domestication of Animals • On page 2 of your packet you will need to choose 14 animals that have been domesticated by humans. Use the Intranet or the Library to do you research. You must list the animal, the world population, the leading country and their primary use.

20. Terms of Domesticated Animals

21. Scientific Names of Livestock • European Cattle- Bos taurus • Indian Cattle- Bos indicus • Sheep- Ovis aries • Goats- Capra hircus • Swine- Sus scofu Domesticus • Horse- Equss cabelas • Donkey- Equss asinus

22. Scientific Names of Livestock • Dog- Canis familiaris • Cat- Felis catus • Chicken- Gallus gallus Domesticas • Turkey- Meleagris gallopavo • Duck- Anas platyrhyncha • Goose- Anser anser

23. Cattle • Species • Bovine

24. Cattle • Group • Herd

25. Cattle • Adult Male • Bull

26. Cattle • Adult Female • Cow

27. Cattle • Young Male • Bull Calf

28. Cattle • Young Female • Heifer Calf

29. Cattle • Newborn • Calf

30. Cattle • Castrated Male • Bullock or Steer

31. Cattle • Offspring w/Dam • Calf at Foot or Suckling

32. Cattle • Birthing • Calving

33. Cattle • Mating • Serving

34. Sheep • Species • Ovine

35. Sheep • Group • Flock

36. Sheep • Adult Male • Ram, Buck, or Tup

37. Sheep • Adult Female • Ewe

38. Sheep • Young Male • Ram Lamb or Buck Lamb

39. Sheep • Young Female • Ewe Lamb

40. Sheep • Newborn • Lamb

41. Sheep • Castrated Male • Wether

42. Sheep • Offspring w/Dam • Suckling

43. Sheep • Birthing • Lambing

44. Sheep • Mating • Tupping

45. Goats • Species • Caprine

46. Goats • Group • Flock or Band

47. Goats • Adult Male • Buck or Billy

48. Goats • Adult Female • Doe or Nanny

49. Goats • Young Male • Buckling

50. Goats • Young Female • Goatling