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REALTIME NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION IN THE FUTURE

REALTIME NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION IN THE FUTURE. Frank C. Beall University of California at Berkeley. FORECASTING. Those who have knowledge don’t predict; those who predict don’t have knowledge Lao Tzu, 6 th Century BC Chinese Poet. Outline. Past predictions Assumptions for 2100

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REALTIME NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION IN THE FUTURE

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  1. REALTIME NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION IN THE FUTURE Frank C. Beall University of California at Berkeley

  2. FORECASTING Those who have knowledge don’t predict; those who predict don’t have knowledge Lao Tzu, 6th Century BC Chinese Poet

  3. Outline • Past predictions • Assumptions for 2100 • Role of NDE • Means of accomplishing role

  4. Past predictions (personal) • FPRS Plenary presentation (1988) • NDT of Wood Symposium paper (1990) • NDT of Wood Symposium keynote (1996)

  5. Future of NDE of Wood and Wood-based Materials (1996) • Megatrends • Limitations and barriers • Opportunities

  6. Megatrends • Comprehensive monitoring • Integrated automatic systems • Joint venture solutions

  7. 1996 Limitations and Barriers • Low cost of wood • Fragmentation of the industry • Lack of critical mass for research • Past failures and overselling • Limitations of technologies • Harsh processing conditions • Inherent and processing defects • Variation in materials • Negative impact of moisture • Adhesive role in integrity

  8. Future Opportunities • Assessment of service deterioration • Surface roughness • Duration of load and creep • Treatment levels and gradients • Stress grading • Fire performance • Adhesive curing and bond quality • Curing and integrity of coatings/finishes • Accelerated aging

  9. Assumptions for 2100 • Raw Material • Processing • Products • Structures

  10. Assumptions for 2100—Raw Material • 80% of structural wood is from plantations • Juvenile wood is an insignificant factor for fast-growth softwoods • Carbon credits substantially increase the value (and cost) of wood • Some plantations produce genetically-altered wood resistant to biodeterioration • Adhesive cost is relatively low

  11. Assumptions for 2100—Processing • Most processes are continuous • Most structural material is reconstituted • Structural grading is a minor issue • Adhesive bonding has greater efficiency • Non-conventional bonding for some laminates

  12. Assumptions for 2100—Products • Structural materials include LVL, SCL, OSB/PW, etc • Solid wood for special appearance only • Increased resin content for reconstituted materials • Adhesively-bonded materials have minimal creep

  13. STS

  14. Assumptions for 2100—Older Structures • Not engineered • Substantially stick-built • Have biodeterioration issues

  15. Assumptions for 2100—New Structures • Engineered (including residential) • Prefab/unitized construction • Fasteners for easy deconstruction • Have minimal biodeterioration issues

  16. Roles of NDE--1 • Monitoring tree growth/stress/defects • Verification testing of structural material and assemblies for all key mechanical properties • Providing in-service monitoring for degradation/stress development

  17. Roles of NDE--2 • Closed-loop feedback control for processes • Drying monitoring and control • Cutting tool performance • Adhesive curing • Laboratory/service testing for accelerated aging

  18. NDE Technologies • Future technologies are currently available • Advances will be in software and miniaturization • Scanners with integrated technologies will be both on-line and fully portable

  19. Means of accomplishing role • Processing: noncontacting gauges for measuring properties on line • Service: smart embedded sensors with indefinite lifetime (relative to lifetime of material)

  20. Tire Pressure System

  21. Caveat Well, if not 2100, how about 2200?

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