1 / 12

3.8 Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage molecules

3.8 Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage molecules. These compounds are composed largely of carbon and hydrogen They are not true polymers They are grouped together because they do not mix with water. Figure 3.8A. They are also called triglycerides

lucy-rowland
Download Presentation

3.8 Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage molecules

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 3.8 Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage molecules • These compounds are composed largely of carbon and hydrogen • They are not true polymers • They are grouped together because they do not mix with water Figure 3.8A

  2. They are also called triglycerides • A triglyceride molecule consists of one glycerol molecule linked to three fatty acids • Fats are lipids whose main function is energy storage Fatty acid Figure 3.8B

  3. LE 5-11b Ester linkage Fat molecule (triacylglycerol)

  4. These prevent them from solidifying at room temperature • Saturated fats (lard) lack double bonds • They are solid at room temperature • The fatty acids of unsaturated fats (plant oils) contain double bonds Figure 3.8C

  5. Fatty acids vary in length (number of carbons) and in the number and locations of double bonds • Saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and no double bonds • Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds • The major function of fats is energy storage

  6. LE 5-12a Stearic acid Saturated fat and fatty acid.

  7. LE 5-12b Oleic acid cis double bond causes bending Unsaturated fat and fatty acid.

  8. Fats made from saturated fatty acids are called saturated fats • Most animal fats are saturated • Saturated fats are solid at room temperature • A diet rich in saturated fats may contribute to cardiovascular disease through plaque deposits

  9. 3.9 Phospholipids, waxes, and steroids are lipids with a variety of functions • Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes • Waxes form waterproof coatings • Steroids are often hormones Figure 3.9

  10. LE 5-13 Choline Hydrophilic head Phosphate Glycerol Hydrophobic tails Fatty acids Hydrophilic head Hydrophobic tails Space-filling model Structural formula Phospholipid symbol

  11. 3.10 Connection: Anabolic steroids and related substances pose health risks • Anabolic steroids are usually synthetic variants of testosterone • Use of these substances can cause serious health problems Figure 3.10

  12. Paper Lipid Synthesis Activity: Using the paper folding diagram for lipid, do the following… • What two compounds are needed to synthesize a lipid? • How many carbon atoms does glycerol contain? • Place an asterisk(s) (*) on the glycerol molecule to indicate the location where a dehydration synthesis could occur to synthesis a triglyceride. • How many fatty acid molecules are found on the folding diagram? Number each fatty acid molecule on the paper. Identify each as a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid. • How does cholesterol’s structure differ from a triglyderide? • What would need to draw on the folding diagram if you wanted to make a phospholipid? If time permits, construct (3) additional questions and answer them.

More Related