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Osborne 2000

Osborne 2000. Hydrology and Water Budgets. P n + S i + G i = ET + S o + G o + Δ V.

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Osborne 2000

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  1. Osborne 2000

  2. Hydrology and Water Budgets Pn + Si + Gi = ET + So + Go + ΔV

  3. The Intertropical Convergence Zone, or ITCZ, is the region near the equator where the trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres come together. The intense sun and warm water of the equator heats the air in the ITCZ, raising its humidity and causing it to rise. As the air rises it cools, releasing the accumulated moisture in an almost perpetual series of thunderstorms. Variation in the location of the ITCZ drastically affects rainfall in tropical regions, resulting in the wet and dry seasons. Longer term changes in the ITCZ can result in severe droughts or flooding. http://people.cas.sc.edu/carbone/modules/mods4car/africa-itcz/index.html

  4. Talling and Lemoalle (1998)

  5. Payne (1986)

  6. Talling and Lemoalle (1998)

  7. Tonle Sap, Mekong River system, Cambodia

  8. Lake Chad

  9. 31 Oct 1963 Jan 1973 Jan 1987 Jan 1997

  10. drought M above Bol (278 m above sea level) Start of southern Chad irrigation project Year Source: U.S.G.S. Reconstructed water levels based on Nile discharge data

  11. Jan 1997 1972 2007 Nigeria's Southern Chad Irrigation Project [the lake level affects irrigation more than v.v.]

  12. Black water Rio Negro and white water Rio Solimoes, lowland Amazonia near Manaus)

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