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TAN SHU ZHEN 0910714015

THE POTENTIAL TEST OF ETHANOL CELERY LEAF ( Apium graveolens ) EXTRACT AS AN INSECTICIDE ON HOUSEFLY ( Musca domestica ) USING SPRAYING METHOD. TAN SHU ZHEN 0910714015. Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas brawijaya 2012. INTRODUCTION :. 1. Background.

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TAN SHU ZHEN 0910714015

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  1. THE POTENTIAL TEST OF ETHANOL CELERY LEAF(Apiumgraveolens) EXTRACT AS AN INSECTICIDE ON HOUSEFLY (Musca domestica) USING SPRAYING METHOD TAN SHU ZHEN 0910714015 Program StudiPendidikanDokter FakultasKedokteran Universitas brawijaya 2012

  2. INTRODUCTION : 1. Background HouselyMuscadomestica • Plays an important role in health disease since they live in close association with humans. • They become vectors of microorganisms that can cause diseases.

  3. Insecticides • Control method of houseflies to prevent the spread of diseases that caused by houseflies. • Natural insecticide – •  ‘’Plant based’’ ---More environmentally friendly •  Low side effects • Alternative plant - Celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens. L)

  4. - • TEST : POTENTIAL EXTRACT of CELERY LEAF (Apiumgraveolens.L) --HOUSEFLY (Muscadomestica)

  5. 2. Research Problem Does the extract of ethanol celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens) have the insecticidal potential on housefly (Musca domestica) using spraying method?

  6. 3. Research Objective 3.1 General Purpose • This research aims to investigate the potential test of ethanol celery leaf extract (Apiumgraveolens) as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica) using spraying method.

  7. 3.2 Specific Purpose • To test the relationship between ethanol celery leaf extract (Apiumgraveolens) and the potential of it as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica) based on different concentration and time of exposure.

  8. 4. Significance of Research4.1 Academic significance • To give the information on the potential of ethanol celery leaf’s extract (Apiumgraveolens) as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica) using spraying method based on different concentration and time of exposure.

  9. 4.2 Application Significance • 1. As a source of information for the society to know the potential of ethanol celery leaf’s extract (Apiumgraveolens) as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica). • 2.This study also seeks to develop a new potential source of plant-based insecticide that would be available environmentally safe.

  10. Fly • Insect of the order of Diptera or two-winged insect that is often the vector of organisms causing disease • Has a well-differentiated head, thorax and abdomen and two broad wings. • Its length ranges between 5 - 8 mm long with a spread wingspan of 13-15 mm. • The female is usually larger than the male. The head of the adult fly is oval-shaped and has reddish-eyes. • Between the eyes there is a pair of short and thick antennae. • The abdomen is grey or yellowish with dark midline and irregular dark markings on the sides. • House flies have sponging mouthparts (proboscis) and can only ingest liquids. However, they can eat solid food (e.g., sugar, flour, pollen) by first liquefying it with their saliva.

  11. Celery leaf • Celery grows to a height of 12 to 16 inches and is composed of leaf-topped stalks arranged in a conical shape that are joined at a common base. • The leaves, roots and seeds can also be used as a food and natural medicine remedy. • Leaf contains flavonoids, saponin, alkaloid, polyphenol, tianin 1%, choline, lipase, nocotonic acid.

  12. ETHANOL CELERY LEAF (Apiumgraveolens)EXTRACT FAMEWORK: Active substances Saponin Flavonoid Attacks the digestive system Weakens the nervous and respiratory system; damages spiracle Cells get punctured and the contents leaks out Asphyxia, breathing stops Housefly (Musca domestica) dies

  13. Hypothesis • Ethanol celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens) extract has an insecticide potential on housefly (Musca domestica) using spraying method.

  14. STUDY METHOD • True experimental-post test only control group design • Samples : • - All living houseflies (Musca domestica) • - Freely moving houseflies • Sample divides into: • 3 Study groups • 1 Positive group(+) • 1 Control group (-)

  15. Variable Indentification Independent Variable Dependent Variable Dose/ concentration of celeryleaf (Apium graveolens)extract with dosage of 20 %, 25 % and 30 %. and time. Amount of dead housefly (Muscadomestica).

  16. Framework of experiment

  17. Celeryleaf (Apium graveolens) 50 houseflies (Musca domestica) were put into 5 glass containers (10 in each) Sample of experimental housefly (Musca domestica) Cut into pieces and dried Blended into powder C (-) negative control: Aquades (water) Experiment: Concentrations: (20%, 25%, 30%) Time of exposure: 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 24th hour Extraction (Ethanol 96% as solvent) and evaporation process C (+) positive control : Malathion 0.28% Extract is obtained, diluted into 3 concentrations (20%, 25%, 30%) Number of dead housefly (Musca domestica) was recorded Collected data was analysed by One way- ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, Regression

  18. Research result

  19. Graph of the mean insecticide potential of differentconcentration versus time of exposure

  20. Normality Test • Based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, it can be seen that the data distribution from the research showed a significant value of p=0.083 (p>0.05). Hence, the data had a normal distribution.

  21. Homogeneity of Variance Test • The significant value from the Test of Homogeneity of Variance was p=0.059 (p>0.05), so it can be concluded that the variance of the population was homogenous.

  22. One – Way ANOVA Analysis • Since the data had a normal distribution and was homogenous, thus, it was eligibled for further One-Way ANOVA test. • Based on the test, it can be concluded that, the extract’s concentration was shown that it had a significant value of 0.000 (p<0.005) which meant different concentration gave different effect on number of dead flies.

  23. Pearson Correlation Test

  24. Regression Test • According to table 5.10, the R square was equals to 0.723, which meant that 72.3% of dead houseflies were influenced by the concentration of extract. Whilst, there was 27.7% number of dead houseflies were influenced by external factor. • Y = -60.909 + 2.217 x1 + 4.100 x2 • From the linear regression test (see appendix), an equation can be derived as the follows:Where: • Y = insecticide potential of celery leaf (Apium.g) • x1 = time of exposure ( hour) • x2 = extract’s concentration(%)

  25. Conclusions • Ethanol celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens) extract has the potential as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica) using spraying method. • The higher concentration of ethanol celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens) extract, the higher the potential as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica). • The longer the time of exposure, the higher the potential of celery leaf (Apiumgraveolens) as an insecticide on housefly (Musca domestica).

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