1 / 23

Structure and Function of the Cell pt II

Structure and Function of the Cell pt II. Objectives. Describe the function of the cell nucleus Describe the function of the major cell organelles Describe the function of the cell wall Describe the theory of Endosymbiosis. Cytoskeleton.

lis
Download Presentation

Structure and Function of the Cell pt II

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Structure and Function of the Cell pt II

  2. Objectives • Describe the function of the cell nucleus • Describe the function of the major cell organelles • Describe the function of the cell wall • Describe the theory of Endosymbiosis

  3. Cytoskeleton • The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that help the cell maintain its shape • This also is involved in movement • Principle protein filaments are: • Microfilaments • Microtubules

  4. Microfilaments • Microfilaments: • Are made of the protein actin • Help the cell maintain its shape • Help cells move • Pseudopods are temporary projections of eukaryotic cells

  5. Microtubules • Microtubules: • Important in cell division • Spindle fibers are bundles of microtubules that help move the chromosomes during cell division • In Animal cells centrioles located near the nucleus help in cell division

  6. Cilia & Flagella Move cells Flagellum CILIA

  7. Cytoskeleton is also used as a means of mobility. This unicellular algae have extensions of flagella that are anchored in the cell membrane.

  8. Connection: How does cilia help with the surface area issue? What is the cilia used for here in the trachea? Cilia

  9. Nucleus • Nuclear matrix helps it maintain its shape • Control center or brain of the cell • Nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus • The chromatin inside the nucleus condenses prior to cell division to form chromosomes • Small openings called nuclear pores allow RNA to pass from the nucleus to the cytosol

  10. Nucleus

  11. Nucleolus • Where ribosomes are made Tour of an Animal Cell .mov

  12. Plant Cells • Plant cells can have three structures that animal cells do not • Cell walls • Vacuoles • Plastids

  13. Cell Wall • All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible membrane • Plant cells also have a cell wall surrounding the membrane

  14. Vacuoles Provide storage of and control water content Take up space! carbs, H2O, salts, proteins...

  15. Plastids • Some store starch or fats, others contain pigments • Most common type is the chloroplast • Surrounded by two membranes and have their own DNA • Capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy… Photosynthesis Tour of a Plant Cell .mov

  16. Endosymbiosis • Endosymbiosisis a hypothesis that states mitochondria and chloroplast were originally prokaryotes and that a symbiotic relationship evolved

  17. Comparing Animal Cells to Plant Cells

  18. Similarities between plant cells and animal cells Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm Both have a nucleus Both contain mitochondria

  19. Differences between plant cells and animal cells Animal cells Plant cells Relatively smaller in size Relatively larger in size Irregular Shape Regular shape No cell wall Cell wall present

  20. Review • Describe the function of the cell nucleus • The nucleus contains most of the cells DNA and with it the codes instructions for making proteins and other important molecules • Describe the function of the major cell organelles • Nucleolus- where the assembly of ribosomes begins

  21. Review… • Chloroplast- capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy (food) • Cytoskeleton- helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in movement • Vacuoles- take up space and provide storage

  22. Review… • Describe the function of the cell wall • Provide support and protection for the cell • Describe the theory of Endosymbiosis • Endosymbiosis is a hypothesis that states mitochondria and chloroplast were originally prokaryotes and that a symbiotic relationship evolved

More Related