Media literacy In The Social Studies Classroom: Applying 21 st Century Literacy & Inquiry

1. Media literacy In The Social Studies Classroom:Applying 21st CenturyLiteracy & Inquiry Frank W. Baker Media educator fbaker1346@aol.com

2. Influence of images “Still photos and TV images are what sway people…..at the end of the day, people retain very simple images in their minds when they’re not really engaged or focused on an issue.”Jane Arraf, former CNN Bureau Chief

3. What’s really important Nearly 77% of those polled could name each of the Seven DwarfsOnly 24% could name 2 of the 9 US Supreme Court judges Zogby Poll Week of August 12, 2006

4. New media & politics User-driven community sites (MySpace; FaceBook; You Tube) are to this year's races what blogs were to campaigns two years ago. They are not replacements for traditional staples like TV ads and direct mailings, but they offer the latest venues for campaigns to reach younger voters and mobilize them to volunteer. Source AP News Story August 20

5. Media literacy In The Social Studies Classroom: Applying 21st CenturyLiteracy & Inquiry What do we want students to know about the media?

6. Media literacy In The Social Studies Classroom: Applying 21st CenturyLiteracy & Inquiry • 87% of U.S. teens between 12 and 17 years of age use the Internet; • 81% of teen Internet users play games online; • 76% get news online; • 51% of teen Internet users say they go online on a daily basis; • 43% have made purchases online; and • 31% use the Internet to get health info

7. Media Literacy “Our Founding Fathers understood that a democratic republic could not survive without an informed and participatory citizenry….It is essential in our citizenship role to view critically, analyze ask powerful questions and draw our own conclusions. Media literacy, then, is essential to the citizenship role.” Denee Mattioli, past president, NCSS

8. Ideas for integrating media literacy in social studies • Analyzing editorial cartoons • Examining historical photographs • Studying past/present propaganda • Understanding bias/stereotypes • History of American broadcasting • Understanding US communications policy • Analyzing political advertising

9. Media literacy Draft your own definition of what “media literacy” means..

10. Media Literacy Media literacy is concerned with helping students develop an informed and critical understanding of the nature of mass media, the techniques used by them, and the impact of these techniques. More specifically, it is education that aims to increase the students' understanding and enjoyment of how the media work, how they produce meaning, how they are organized, and how they construct reality. Media literacy also aims to provide students with the ability to create media products.

11. ML in SC SS Standards Grade 5: the significance of pop culture and mass media Grade 7: the role of TV satellites, computers, and the Internet; the role of propagandain influencing the US to enter WWI Grade 8: the rise of mass media..... Grade 9: emergence of the consumer culture Economics: the influence of advertising on consumer choices

12. Framework for studying media • Media agencies: who communicates & why • Media categories: what type of text (genres) • Media technologies: how it is produced? • Media languages: meanings • Media audiences: who receives it • Media representations: how is it presented

13. Core Concepts of ML • All media are constructed • Media use unique languages with their own set of rules • Media convey values and points-of-view • Audiences negotiate meaning • Media = power + profit Source: Center for Media Literacy

14. All media are constructed

15. Example

16. Media use unique languages Language of film Camera workLighting Editing SetsSound/musicCostumes Expressions

17. Media convey values & points-of-view

18. Audiences negotiate meaning

19. ABC (Disney)CNN (AOL/Time Warner) CBS FOX (News Corp) NBC (NBC/Universal) VIACOM Media= Power + Profit

20. Critical Inquiry • Who created/paid for the message? • Why was it produced? (purpose) • For whom? (target audience) • What techniques are used? • What lifestyles are promoted? • Who benefits? • What does it mean? • Who/what might be omitted and why? • Does it contain bias/stereotypes?

23. One of the casualties of war is truth Author unknown

24. Reuters Recalls Altered Photo& Fires the Photographer PhotoShop Original

25. Edward R. Murrowin the classroom

26. Political Advertising Research shows (voters) get more information on the issues from political ads on TV spots than they get from TV news or the debates

27. Ads= Votes + Money Presidential Campaign TV Ad Spending, 2004

28. Ads= Money Political advertising is on the rise, according to a report issued from BIA Financial Network. Experts predict about $22.2 billion will come from political ad revenue, an increase of 7-percent.

29. Language of TV • Cameras • Lighting • Set Design • Sound & Music • Editing ( post production) • Makeup, Wardrobe, Expressions

30. Let’s watch some ads: Focus for viewing:Setting Target audience

31. Unspinning the ads www.factcheck.org

32. TV Market Sizes 139. Wilmington NC 115. Augusta, GA 107. Florence/Myrtle Beach 101. Charleston 97. Savannah GA (Hilton Head) 83. Columbia 35. Greenville/Spartanburg/Asheville NC 27. Charlotte NC/Rock Hill

33. Newspaper Activity • Each group gets a newspaper • Using TV news script format, write a 30 second news promotion using: 1 international news story 1 national news story 1 regional or local news story 1 weather or sports

34. Media literacy In The Social Studies Classroom:Applying 21st CenturyLiteracy & Inquiry Frank W. Baker Media educator fbaker1346@aol.com