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Fire Administration I

Fire Administration I. Randy R. Bruegman. Chapter 11 Community Disaster Planning. Learning Objectives. Define the role that FEMA has in disaster response Describe the four phases of emergency management Describe the Federal National Response Plan. Learning Objectives.

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Fire Administration I

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  1. Fire Administration I Randy R. Bruegman Chapter 11 Community Disaster Planning

  2. Learning Objectives • Define the role that FEMA has in disaster response • Describe the four phases of emergency management • Describe the Federal National Response Plan

  3. Learning Objectives • Define the ICS system and each section • Define the six areas of homeland security • Describe what an ESP is • Describe the Stafford Act

  4. What Is a Disaster? • Disasters • Day-to-day emergencies

  5. What Is a Disaster? • Disasters vs. larger incidents • Similar damage, injuries, and problems • Comprehensive disaster planning • Prior to September 11, 2001 • Current disaster plans

  6. What Is a Disaster? • The Risk • Each community has a unique set of risks • Planning begins with hazard assessment • Types of events • Evaluate the threat each poses • Effective response requires many agencies • Lessons learned from drills and exercises

  7. What Is a Disaster? • The Plan • Community disaster plans • Basis of emergency operations plan (EOP) • Completion of the plan is the beginning, not the end

  8. The Government’s Role in Disaster Response • Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act • Federal Response Plan

  9. The Government’s Role in Disaster Response • Recent disasters show much to accomplish • Local community disaster planning outlines • Hurricane Katrina • Programs also focus on recovery • Stafford Act allows federal deployment • Programs are not static

  10. Preparedness: A Community Effort • Fire service has been critical element in community response • If the community-based system fails

  11. Preparedness: A Community Effort • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) • History • Became part of the Department of Homeland Security in 2003 • Congressional Act of 1803 • Piecemeal approach during the 1930s

  12. Preparedness: A Community Effort • FEMA • History • 1960s and early 1970s • Natural disasters prompted legislation • Created by executive order in 1979 • Absorbed many existing agencies

  13. Preparedness: A Community Effort • FEMA • History • John Macy was first director • Early challenges • James L. Witt named director in 1993 • Joe M. Allbaugh appointed director in 2001

  14. Preparedness: A Community Effort • FEMA • History • Department of Homeland Security • FEMA today • FEMA’s mission

  15. Preparedness: A Community Effort • FEMA • Comprehensive Emergency Management (CEM) • Interrelated components • Phases of emergency management • Roles and responsibilities depend upon the nature of the disaster • Local role is critical

  16. Preparedness: A Community Effort Planning for Emergency Management

  17. Preparedness: A Community Effort • Preparedness • Must be in place before the emergency

  18. Preparedness: A Community Effort • Preparedness • Family Preparedness Program

  19. Preparedness: A Community Effort • Preparedness • Personal and family safety • Local government must refine planning • Enhancing the effectiveness of local government • State monitors local information

  20. Response • Activities to save lives and prevent harm to people and property

  21. Response • Local government provides information to the state • State assesses when the disaster has exceeded state capacity

  22. Recovery • Oriented toward recovery activities • Institutionalized difference between response and recovery

  23. Recovery • The Federal Response Plan • Developed out of concern for earthquakes • Federal response has broadened • To be more proactive • Response and recovery directorate replaced recovery-oriented division • Restorative activities

  24. Recovery • The Federal Response Plan • Recovery decisions have long-lasting impacts • Local government role in recovery • Federal and state cooperation • Difficult to separate end of response and beginning of recovery

  25. Mitigation • To reduce community vulnerability to similar disasters

  26. Mitigation • In all phases of emergency management • Earthquake prone areas • Fire-resistive construction • Potential flood areas • Project Impact

  27. Storm Ready • National Weather Service program to help cope with severe weather • 90 percent of Presidential declarations are weather related

  28. Storm Ready • United States weather events • Assists with community preparation • Voluntary program

  29. Integrated Emergency Management System (IEMS) Concept • Endorsed by President Reagan and Congress in 1994 • Based on CEM principles • Each community has own level of capabilities • Plan development process

  30. Integrated Emergency Management System (IEMS) Concept Planning for Emergency Management: Command/Decision Making

  31. Hazard Assessment: Why Is It Important? • Risk assessment is essential to planning • Community hazard assessment • Benefits of an open planning process

  32. Hazard Identification • Hazard defined

  33. The National Response Plan • Introduction • Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HPSD)-5 • Objectives • Built on the National Incident Management System (NIMS) template • Activities

  34. The National Response Plan • Introduction to the National Response Plan (NRP) • The Plan • Incidents of national significance • Roles and responsibilities

  35. The National Response Plan • Emergency Support Functions • Coordination mechanisms • Stafford Act and non-Stafford Act incidents • Provide staffing

  36. The National Response Plan • NRP Coordinating Structures • Incident Command Post (ICP) • Area Command (Unified Command) • Local Emergency Operations Center (EOC) • State Emergency Operations Center (EOC) • Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC)

  37. The National Response Plan • NRP Coordinating Structures • Interagency Incident Management Group (IIMG) • National Response Coordination Center (NRCC) • Regional Response Coordination Center (RRCC)

  38. The National Response Plan • NRP Coordinating Structures • Strategic Information and Operations Center (SIOC) • National Joint Terrorism Task Force (NJTTF) • Joint Field Office (JFO) • Joint Operations Center (JOC)

  39. The National Response Plan • NRP Coordinating Structures • Joint Field Office (JFO) Coordination Group • Principal Federal Office (PFO) • Federal Coordination Officer (FCO) • Senior Federal Law Enforcement Official (SFLEO)

  40. Nongovernmental and Volunteer Organizations • Collaborate with first responders to provide relief services • National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD)

  41. Nongovernmental and Volunteer Organizations • American Red Cross • Red Cross Disaster Services

  42. Citizen Involvement • Support incident management • Citizen Corps • Expand resources and materials through partnerships

  43. Citizen Involvement • Citizen Corps • Citizen Corps Councils • Citizen Corps Guide for Local Officials • Personal responsibility

  44. Citizen Involvement • Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) • Disaster preparedness • Disaster response skills

  45. Citizen Involvement • Fire Corps • Enhance fire departments • DHS funding • Management partnership

  46. Citizen Involvement • Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) • Practicing and retired health care professionals • Support public health initiative

  47. Citizen Involvement • Neighborhood Watch • Crime prevention • Terrorism awareness • DOJ funding

  48. Citizen Involvement • Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS) • Enhance law enforcement • DOJ funding

  49. Managing the National Response Plan • Incidents are handled at lowest jurisdictional level • State and local resources plus interstate mutual aid are first line of response

  50. Managing the National Response Plan • Organizational Structure • Progression from local to national level • Local incident command structures • Multi-agency coordination centers/EOCs

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