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Everyday Memory

Everyday Memory. How well do we remember our lives? Do we have photographic memory for emotional events? In what ways can our memories be wrong? What can help us remember things we are supposed to do?. Autobiographical Memory. Episodic memory for events in our lives

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Everyday Memory

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  1. Everyday Memory • How well do we remember our lives? • Do we have photographic memory for emotional events? • In what ways can our memories be wrong? • What can help us remember things we are supposed to do?

  2. Autobiographical Memory • Episodic memory for events in our lives • Reminiscence bump (Conway, 1996) • Better memory for periods of rapid change followed by stability • Reminiscence bump shifts depending on age of immigration (Schrauf & Rubin, 1998)

  3. Schrauf & Rubin, 1998

  4. Flashbulb Memory • Do you have a picture in memory of: • September 11th, 2001? • your high school graduation? • your first date? • Vivid and detailed, involves emotion • Link between memory and emotion (amygdala)

  5. Are Flashbulb Memories More Accurate? • may be influenced by other events • no more accurate than other long-term memories

  6. Malleability of LTM • Influenced by cultural background (Bartlett, 1932) • Misinformation Effect (Loftus, 1975) • Source misattribution (Jacoby et al., 1989 – famous names experiment)

  7. Construction in LTM • Memory for inferences (Bransford & Johnson, 1973) • Influence of schemas and scripts (Bower et al., 1979)

  8. Biases in LTM • Egocentric Bias (Sanitioso et al., 1990) • Consistency Bias (Marcus, 1986) • Positive-Change Bias (Sprecher, 1999)

  9. LTM and the Real World • Eyewitness Identification • Recovered Memories

  10. Prospective Memory • Remembering to do things at a future time • Prospective memory can be improved by the use of: • Focal cues - relate specifically to the target • Unfamiliar cues • Implementation intentions that specify the context for the target

  11. Evolutionary Psychology • Why do we remember false information?

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