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Review. Lecture Exam 1. Nutrition. Define: Wellness, Nutrient, Kcal, Homeostasis 4 Macronutrients and Functions Micronutrients and Functions Water DRI = EAR + RDA + ADI + UL AMDR % for macronutrients Nutritional Status assessment Malnutrition: define, types Scientific Method: steps
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Review Lecture Exam 1
Nutrition • Define: Wellness, Nutrient, Kcal, Homeostasis • 4 Macronutrients and Functions • Micronutrients and Functions • Water • DRI = EAR + RDA + ADI + UL • AMDR % for macronutrients • Nutritional Status assessment • Malnutrition: define, types • Scientific Method: steps • Research Studies: types • Nutrigenomics
Healthy Diets • 4 keys • Food labels: requirements, Nutrition facts • Label claims and approved terms • Nutrient dense foods • Physical activity • My Pyramid: 6 categories, discretionary • Ethnic/Cultural changes for MyPyramid • Serving sizes • Eating out
GI system and interactions • Define terms: huger, appetite • Nervous controls (CNS and PNS) • Hormonal: define, examples and controls • Environmental triggers • GI terms, organs, and functions • Phases of digestion • Enzymes: define, examples • Water chemistry • General Problems/Conditions/Diseases
Sources Structure Formula Types Mono/Di Complex Alcohol Use/Function Kcal and AMDR Digestion (where) Enzymes (specific) Absorption (where, how) Hormones (names, actions) Transport Storage (types, where) Retrieval Glycemic Index Glycemic load Catabolic processes Glycolysis Fermentation Respiration Alternative Sweeteners Nutritive Nonnutritive High Fructose Corn Syrup General Problems CH2O
Sources FA Structure C-C bonds Essential FA 5 Classes Use/Functions for types Kcal and AMDRs Digestion (where) Enzymes (specific) Bile (source, storage, use) Absorption (where, how) Hormones (names, actions) Transport Micelles Chylomicrons Storage Retrieval Catabolic Processes Glycolysis (glycerol) Beta oxidation (FA) Transfats Fat replacers HDL and LDL General Problems Lipids
Source AA Structure -NH2 Essential Transamination Protein Synthesis Transcription Translation Protein Structure Levels Groups Denature Use Vegetarian/Vega diets Kcal and AMDR and RDA Digestion (where) Enzymes (specific) Absorption (where, how) Hormones (names, actions Transport Storage Catabolic Processes Deamination Urea formation Nitrogen balance Consumption Excretion +, -, = General Problems/Conditions Proteins
Test Format • Pencil • Mini-Essay Book (scantron + writing area) • 100 point exam • 75 points M/C • 25 points short answer, definition, etc. • E.C. max at 5 points • Chapters 1-6 • Test taking skills: Budget time effectively