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PERMAFROST Bob Carson June 2007

PERMAFROST Bob Carson June 2007. LAKE LINNEVATNET. THE ACTIVE LAYER IS FROZEN. ACTIVE LAYER. ACTIVE LAYER. PERMAFROST. YUKON. TERMS. PERMAFROST PERIGLACIAL PATTERNED GROUND POLYGONS PALS PINGO ROCK GLACIER THERMOKARST. YAKIMA HILLS. PROCESSES. FREEZE-THAW FROST CRACK

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PERMAFROST Bob Carson June 2007

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  1. PERMAFROSTBob CarsonJune 2007 LAKE LINNEVATNET

  2. THE ACTIVE LAYER IS FROZEN

  3. ACTIVE LAYER ACTIVE LAYER PERMAFROST YUKON

  4. TERMS • PERMAFROST • PERIGLACIAL • \ • PATTERNED GROUND • POLYGONS • PALS • PINGO • ROCK GLACIER • THERMOKARST YAKIMA HILLS

  5. PROCESSES • FREEZE-THAW • FROST CRACK • FROST SHATTER • FROST HEAVE • FROST SHOVE • FROST SORT • CREEP • SOLIFLUCTION • NIVATION BEARTOOTH MOUNTAINS

  6. FROST CRACK • LOW-TEMPERATURE CONTRACTION ALASKA PHOTO BY RUTH SCHMIDT

  7. FROST SHATTER • WATER EXPANDS DURING FREEZING VATNAJOKULL

  8. KHARKHIRAA UUL FROST HEAVE FROST PUSH vs. FROST PULL CAIRNGORM

  9. FROST SHOVE GREENLAND PHOTO BY W.E. DAVIES

  10. FROST SORT SWEDISH LAPLAND PHOTO BY JAN BOELHOUWERS

  11. CREEP SHARPE 1938

  12. SOLIFLUCTION SOLIFLUCTION LOBES HANGAY NURUU

  13. NIVATION NIVATION HOLLOWS PALOUSE HILLS

  14. LANDFORMS WITH ICE ALASKA PHOTO BY SKIP WALKER

  15. AUFEIS KHARKHIRRA UUL HANGAY NURUU

  16. ICE WEDGES sis.agr.gc.ca/.../ground

  17. ICE-WEDGE POLYGONS res.agr.canada

  18. PALSEN HANGAY NURUU

  19. PALSEN FIELD OGILVIE MOUNTAINS

  20. PINGOES BEAUFORT COAST ALASKA PHOTO BY H.J.A. Berendsen ougseurope.org/rockon/surface/img

  21. PINGOES IN CANADIAN ARCTIC www.mbari.org www.rekel.nl www.arctic.uoguelph.ca VICTORIA ISLAND PHOTO BY A. L. WASHBURN

  22. ROCK GLACIERS GALENA CREEK

  23. ROCK GLACIERS GALENA CREEK

  24. ROCK GLACIERS GRAYWOLF RIDGE

  25. THERMOKARST YUKON

  26. THERMOKARST ALASKA

  27. ICE-WEDGE TRENCH YUKON

  28. ICE-WEDGE TRENCH ALASKA PHOTO BY JOE MOORE

  29. BEADED DRAINAGE ALASKA PHOTO BY RUTH SCHMIDT

  30. THAW LAKES PRUDOE BAY

  31. THAW LAKES ALASKA PHOTO BY ART REMPEL

  32. MORE PERIGLACIAL LANDFORMS SPITSBERGEN PHOTO BY BEN SCHUPACK WHITMAN ‘07

  33. BLOCK FIELDS RINGING ROCKS

  34. BLOCK SLOPES BLOCK FIELD TALUS BLOCK SLOPE ELKHORN MOUNTAINS

  35. BLOCK STREAMS SAN FRANCISCO MOUNTAINS 11 June 2007

  36. BLOCK STREAMS HANGAY NURUU

  37. CRYOPLANATION TERRACES HANGAY NURUU

  38. CRYOPLANATION TERRACES NIVATION TOR SOLIFLUCTION HANGAY NURUU

  39. PATTERNED GROUND:COMPONENTS FINES STONES HANGAY NURUU

  40. PATTERNED GROUND:COMPONENTS STONES: PEBBLES COBBLES BOULDERS FINES: CLAY, SILT, SAND HANGAY NURUU

  41. PATTERNED GROUND: CLASSIFICATION • SLOPE: HORIZONTAL± vs. SLOPING • SORTING: SORTED vs. NONSORTED KHARKHIRAA UUL BEARTOOTH MOUNTAINS

  42. SORTED STONE STRIPES SLOPES YAKIMA HILLS

  43. NONSORTED STONE STRIPES SEWARD PENINSULA PHOTO BY RUTH SCHMIDT

  44. STONE STEPS = TERRACETTES • GEOLOGIC? MASS WASTING? • BIOLOGIC? LARGE MAMMALS? IMNAHA

  45. PAT O’HARA MOUNTAIN

  46. DARHAD DEPRESSION

  47. WALLULA GAP

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